MARS: The Journey Onward III | Page 5

Acclimation on a Mars Mission Effects on Human Physiology Radiation during space travel and during life on Mars: According to NASA’s research, radiation is the one greatest concern for human physiology, as there will be no magnetic field to protect the crew from solar flares or energetic particle events. During the mission, the crew will be exposed to lethal quantities of cancer-causing radiation. Protection from radiation will be required for up to nine months in a spacecraft and for an extended period of time on the surface of Mars. To protect the crew during space travel, NASA proposes that the entire spacecraft could be shielded with water, although water is heavy, making it unfeasible for space travel. Shielding only the portion of the spacecraft where the crew live could be a more feasible solution. Furthermore, some suggest that traveling during a period of low activity from the sun is a good idea because the chance of a solar event carrying lethal amounts of radiation less likely, although this increases the amount of radiation emitted from the rest of the galaxy, which has the potentially to be harmful as well. A more high-tech solution is creating magnetic fields to surround the spacecraft, habitat and ground vehicles, although this technology is still in development and does not yet exist. Finally, NASA plans to build spacecraft, habitats and ground vehicles out of hydrogen-rich polyethylene, as hydrogen is an effective shield against radiation. Unknown diseases: As no human has ever stepped foot on Mars, the scientific community has no idea if there are life threatening viruses or diseases waiting on Mars, and the crew could p