Louisville Medicine Volume 66, Issue 11 | Page 22

FEATURE (continued from page 19) of CT scans due to the radiation exposure. Is a full recovery possible with Spondylolysis? Is surgery ever necessary? Fortunately, most kids with Spondylolysis will make a full recovery and return to sports. This may require a period of rest from athletics for three to six months. In some cases, back pain persists despite an extended period of conservative treatment. If the symptoms are severe enough and prevent the patient from returning to sports, surgery may be necessary. This typically involves repairing the stress fracture by placing bone graft and screws in the lumbar spine. When back pain improves and the fracture heals, patients can return to sports, which is usually six to nine months following surgery. Are there any long-term negative effects from Spondylolysis? As patients age and their spine degenerates, they can develop a slippage of their vertebrae called Spondylolisthesis. The slippage itself is not much of a problem, but it often causes compression of the nerves in the lumbar spine. This nerve root compression can cause sharp pain to radiate down one or both legs. In rare cases, this nerve compression can cause weakness in the legs. This commonly affects patients in their 30s to 50s and can be treated with spinal fusion surgery if they do not respond to more conservative treatment. Do you have a patient story that has impressed you the most? I had a patient a few years ago who was injured playing lacrosse and developed Spondylolisthesis. He needed surgery to fuse his spine following this injury and was able to return to playing lacrosse after just nine months. What online resources would you say are the best for those seeking additional information? The Scoliosis Research Society (www.SRS.org) has published the best information we have on Spondylolysis. Its website has great patient information if people would like to learn more. DR. TAD SEIFERT NORTON NEUROLOGY SERVICES Concussions and Chronic Traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) are dominating the conversation of sports medicine these days. Concussions happen to hundreds of thousands of athletes each year and have devastated the careers of huge stars. Meanwhile, CTE has been associated with rapid development of dementia, personality changes, aggressive behavior and aggression. Dr. Tad Seifert spoke with GLMS by phone on the newest developments in sports neurology. Tell me about Norton’s Sports Neurology Program. How did you come to direct? I’ve been with Norton for 10 years. I began as the director of the Headache and Concussion Clinic. Within three years, my role had evolved to a more specific focus on sports neurology, an offshoot of my headache and concussion work. There was a need for sub- specialization specifically in that area; I focus there. How many concussions would you estimate your program sees in a month? We probably see 100-120 new concussions a month. That’s an estimate/guess. Are you still the head of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Headache Task Force? What are your responsibilities? Yes, I’m still with the Task Force. I've been given the responsibility of spearheading research efforts within collegiate athletics: Not just post-concussive, but also migraines, tension headaches and cluster headaches. We touch any type of headache across the spectrum. You seem to be in the right place at the right time. With the NFL being heavily scrutinized for concussion protocols and the public’s rising knowledge about the lasting effects of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), do you find it easier to talk to laypersons about the significance of these injuries? I think the public has evolved just as much as we have in the medical community. There’s a night and day difference compared to 10 years ago. The severity and seriousness of potential concussions is recognized much more. People know that a concussion is truly a brain injury. It’s well beyond the old idea of just being temporarily stunned or dazed. I believe we’re lightyears ahead of where we were a decade ago. 20 LOUISVILLE MEDICINE