Living Environment Translated English 2014 | Page 28

41. Symbiosis- an ecological relationship between members of at least
two different species that live in direct contact with one another
42. Mutualism- a type of symbiotic relationship in which both
organisms benefit
43. Commensalism- a type of symbiotic relationship in which one
organisms benefits and the other is not affected
44. Parasitism-a type of symbiotic relationship in which one organisms
benefits and the other organisms is harmed
45. Predator-an organism that hunts and kills another organisms for
food
46. Prey- the organism that a predator hunts and kills
47. Water cycle- a model describing how water moves from Earth’s
surface to the atmosphere and back to the Earth’s surface again
through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation
48. Evaporation- the process of changing from a liquid to a gas
49.Condensation- the process of changing from a gas to a liquid
50. Precipitation- water, snow, sleet, falling from the atmosphere back
to earth
51. Nitrogen cycle- a model describing how nitrogen moves from the
atmosphere to the soil, to living organisms, and then back to the
atmosphere
52. Nitrogen fixation- the process in which some types of bacteria in
the soil change nitrogen gas into a form of nitrogen that plants can
use
53.Carbon cycle- a model that describes how carbon molecules move
between the living and nonliving world
54. Energy pyramid- a diagram that compares energy levels used by
producers, primary consumers, and other energy levels.
55. Succession- natural, gradual changes in the types of species that
live in an area
56. Primary succession- establishment and development of an
ecosystem in an area that previously had no soil or plants