Leon Metz Southwest Chronicle Edu©Educational.Dual Language. Leon Metz 8th Anniversary Limited Edition | Page 10
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Educators : The Library Of Congress
offers classroom materials and professional
development to help
teachers effectively use
Primary Sources.
■ The SWChronicle EDU© The Collegian • 1920s The Truth • Our Past Has A Future And It Is Our Present©
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www.loc.
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teachers
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THE GREAT GATSBY 1998
■ SWChronicle EDU© TTPMMP Est.1991
Lesson Overview ■ ,QRUGHUWRDSSUHFLDWHKLVWRULFDOÀF
tion, students need to understand the factual context and
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and events of the time period. Since a newspaper records
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students create their own newspapers utilizing primary
source materials from the American Memory collections.
Lesson Objective ■ Students will locate, analyze, and
evaluate primary source images and text from the AmerLFDQ0HPRU\FROOHFWLRQV DQGV\QWKHVL]HÀFWLRQDOHYHQWV
and primary source materials as they create parallel stories for a newspaper project.■ www.loc.gov/teachers
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OUR C I T
Y
BACKYARD
BULL I ES
■ SWChronicle EDU© The Collegian ■ Our City Bullies
EL PASO MAYOR IS A
GHASTLY GAMBLER!
ORIGINAL STORY APRIL 1899 EL PASO
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standing of the parties involved, and second, on account of the nature of the allegation and the breezy
audacity of the prayer. Let us see what the story is,
that makes eloquent the blank spaces and invests
with new int er- est each formal word and stiff legal
term. To the honorable A. M. Walthall, district judge
of El Paso county: “Now comes George A. Ducey,
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professional gambler and barkeep,
proprietor of the
Ruby Saloon and
Gambling Parlors,
on Oregon Street
next to the Sheldon
block, and complaining of
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Mayor of the City
of El Paso, Texas,
respectfully represents to the court that both plaintiff and defendant
are residents of El Paso county, Texas.” For the
rest we will drop the formal expression of the law
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has sworn to uphold the laws of the state of Texas,
which among other things prohibit gaming in any
form, has been sued in the district court for the payment of a gambling debt which he owed by all the
rules of honor, if not by rules of law, and which he
positively refused to pay. Moreover, he threatened
to use his power to ruin the man to whom he owed
the money, unless that man would keep quiet and
refrain from stirring up a hornet’s nest. -END
10
1920sTHE TRUTH.
GIVE THE GIFT OF LEARNING. OUR HISTORY IS THE BEGINNING.©
- Historians estimate that, by the
end of the decades, three-quarters
of the American population visited a movie theater every week.
But the most important consumer
product of the 1920s was the automobile. Low prices (the Ford
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and generous credit
made cars affordable
luxuries at the beginning of the decade;
by the end, they were
practically necessities. In 1929 there
was one car on the
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Americans. Meanwhile, an economy
of automobiles was
born. Businesses like
service stations and
motels sprang up to
meet drivers’ needs.
Cars also gave
young peo- ple the
freedom to g o
where they
pleased
and
do
what they
wanted to
do. Some
pundits
called
them “bedrooms
on
wheels.” What
so many young people wanted to do was dance: the
Charleston, the cake walk, the
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bands played at dance halls like
the Savoy in New York City and
the Aragon in Chicago; radio
stations and phonograph records
(100 million of which were sold in
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listeners across the nation. Some
older people objected to jazz music’s “vulgarity” and “depravity”
(and the “moral disasters” it supSRVHGO\ LQVSLUHG EXW PDQ\ LQ
the younger generation loved the
freedom they felt on the dance
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doms were expanded while others
were curtailed. The 18th AmendPHQW WR WKH &RQVWLWXWLRQ UDWLÀHG
in 1919, had banned the manufacture and sale of “intoxicating
liquors,” and at 12 A.M. on January 16, 1920, the federal Volstead
Act closed every tavern, bar and
saloon in the United States. From
then on, it was illegal to
sell any “intoxication beverages”
with
more
than 0.5% alcohol. This
drove
the
liquor trade
underground–
now,
people
simply went to nominally illegal speakeasies
instead of ordinary bars–where
it was controlled by bootleggers, racketeers and other orgaQL]HGFULPH ÀJXUHV VXFK DV &KL
cago gangster Al Capone. Capone
reportedly had 1,000 gunmen and
half of Chicago’s police force on
his payroll. To many middle-class
white Americans, Prohibition was
a way to assert some control over
the unruly immigrant masses who
crowded the nation’s cities. For
instance, to the so-called “Drys,”
beer was known as “Kaiser brew.”
Drinking was a symbol of all they
disliked about the modern city,
and eliminating alcohol would,
they believed, turn back the clock
to an earlier and more comfortable time. Prohibition was not
the only source of social tension
during the 1920s. The Great Migration of African Americans
from the Southern countryside to
Northern cities and the increasing
visibility of black culture —jazz
and blues music, for example, and
the literary movement known as the
Harlem Renaissance— discomÀWHG VRPH ZKLWH
Americans. Millions of people in
places like Indiana
and Illinois joined
the Ku Klux Klan
in the 1920s. To
them, the Klan
represented a return to all the “values” that the fastpaced, city-slicker
Roaring Twenties
were trampling.
Likewise,
an
anti-Communist “Red
Scare” in
1919 and
1920 encouraged
a widespread nativist, or antiimmigrant,
hysteria. This
led to the passage of
an extremely restrictive immigration law, the National Origins Act
of 1924, which set immigration
quotas that excluded some people
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favor of others (Northern Europeans and people from Great Britain,
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one historian has called a “cultural
Civil War” between city-dwellers
and small-town residents, Protestants and Catholics, blacks and
whites, “New Women” and advocates of old-fashioned family values are perhaps the most important part of the story of the Roaring
Twenties. -End
WAY COOL INVENTIONS!
MARVELOUS & MODERN
Many of the household items that we take for granted today were
either invented or developed into viable commercial products in the
1920’s -such as the discovery of insulin and enhanced radio.
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■ The SWChronicle EDU© The Collegian • 1920s The Truth
The discovery of insulin made the
treatment of diabetes possible.
1920s Marvelous And Modern
-Many of the household items that
we take for granted today were
either invented or developed into
viable commercial products in
the 1920’s. Labor saving, entertainment and comfort enhancing
items like electric irons, toasters,
refrigerators, air-conditioners, radio, television and vacuum cleaners, were just a few. It is hard for
us to imagine today the excitement generated when marvels of
modern science like radio and
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to the general public. These were
new and exciting times. Whole
new industries and employment
opportunities opened up to manufacture goods for the rapidly expanding retail market fuele d by
easy consumer credit in the form
of installment payment plans. In
1927 President Coolidge signed
into existence the new Radio Control Bill, as the radio had run wild,
with new broadcasting stations
springing up like mushrooms
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tions that the result to the listener was chaos. The new radio bill
regulated the airwaves with the
formation of a Radio CommisVLRQ 7KH FRPPLVVLRQ FODVVLÀHG
all radio stations, assigned bands
of frequencies or wave-lengths to
the various classes of stations, determined the location of classes of
stations, or of individual stations,
made regulations deemed necessary to prevent interference between stations, and made special
regulations applicable to stations
engaged in chain broadcasting.
Major health breakthroughs included the discovery of Vitamins
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modern antibiotics, innovations in
immunization, and the discovery
of insulin which made the treatment of diabetes possible.
Attempts were made using scienWLÀF SULQFLSOHV WR SUHGLFW PDMRU
weather patterns and success was
experienced with a correct prediction of the cold summer of 1927.
Understanding of the miniature
world of atomic and sub-atomic
particles increased enormously
and opened the door to future development of new forms of power and weapons. The world of the
universe and particularly our solar
system revealed some of its secrets
to astronomers and scientists. For
example, a lot more was learned
about the planet Jupiter and the
planet Mars through radiometric
measurements and photography
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1926 Robert Hutchings Goddard
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a liquid-fuel rocket, the forerunner of todays awesome giants that
have lead to man on the moon and
exploratory visits by spacecraft to
many of the planets. -End