Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine: Special Issue 50-4bokBW | Page 78

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B. Nugraha et al.
Table V. Rehabilitation-related professionals in Indonesia
Profession Number (ratio
population) Reference
Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM) physician
Physiotherapists
Occupational therapist
Prosthetics & orthotics
Speech and language therapist
Others: psychologist, social workers 606 (1:429,000)
8,965 (1:29,000)
1,400 (1:185,700)
400 (1:650,000)
925 (1: 281,000)
NA 19
20
21
22
23
NA
Note: ratio population referred to total number of population in Indonesia: 260 million. NA:
not available.
The rehabilitation workforce in Indonesia
includes Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine
(PRM) physicians, physiotherapists (PT), oc-
cupational therapists (OT), prosthetists and
orthotists (P&O), speech and language therapists
(SLT) and psychologists. In Indonesia, there are
approximately 600 PRM physicians spread over
26 out of 34 provinces. The numbers of PT, OT,
PO, and SLT are approximately 9,000, 1,400, 400
and 900, respectively (Table V).
Table VI shows the number of academic
institutions and the level of education program-
mes offered by institutions in Indonesia. A PRM
specialist academic certificate is awarded to
medical doctors who take an additional 4-year
specialist programme in 1 of 5 state universities
in Indonesia. PT is offered by state and private
academic institutions at 3 different education le-
vels, starting from a 3-year
programme until Master’s
degree. Meanwhile, OT,
P&O, and SLT only have 3
and 4 year’s education pro-
grammes in 2 state univer-
sities. Social workers have
different levels of education
programmes, from diploma
1 (1-year programme) up to
a Master’s degree, offered
either by state or private
academic institutions.
Recommendations
Based on our findings from the situation analysis
referring to the RSAT (3), the following recom-
mendations were developed by the authors. The
recommendations are divided into several topics,
as follows:
1. ICF-related recommendations:
Although Indonesia has a law that defines disa-
bility based on the framework of the ICF model,
some actions to implement ICF in the health
services should be taken into account, such as:
• For disability and rehabilitation policy and
legislation, as well as for data collection, it is
crucial to translate and adapt international de-
finitions (e.g. functio-
ning and disability) and
tools (e.g. the ICF) into
Table VI. Number of academic institutions related to rehabilitation professions in
the Indonesian langu-
Indonesia (24)
age and adapt them
Number of academic institutions
Duration of study (degree
to the situation in the
Profession
(state/private)
certificate)
country.
PRM
5 universities (state)
MD+4 years (PRM specialist)
PT
State and private:
• 3 years (Diploma 3),
• For mid-term plan-
• 17 for 3-year programme
• 4 years (Diploma 4/Bachelor’s),
ning of rehabilitation
• 6 for 4-year programme
• Diploma 4/Bachelor’s + 2 years
• 4 for Bachelor’s degree programme
(Master’s degree)
services a sound da-
• 2 for Master’s degree programme
tabase of the epide-
OT
2 (state)
• 3 years (Diploma 3)
miology of disability
• 4 years (Diploma 4)
(including a registry
P&O
2 (state)
• 3 years (Diploma 3)
• 4 years (Diploma 4)
of chronic and men-
SLT
2 (state)
• 3 years (Diploma 3)
tal diseases) and the
• 4 years (Diploma 4)
need for rehabilita-
Social worker • University applied science = 1 (state) • 3 years (Diploma 3),
• University: 8 (state and private)
• 4 years (Diploma 4/Bachelor’s),
tion should be esta-
• Diploma 4/Bachelor’s + 2 years
blished. This should
(Master’s degree)
use international
Vocational school (state)
Diploma 1
(ICF-based) tools
PRM: physical and rehabilitation medicine physician; PT: physiotherapist; OT: occupational
(Model Disability
therapist; P&O: prosthetist & orthotist; SLT: speech and language therapy; MD: medical
Survey) (25).
doctor.
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