Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 51-10 | Page 66

786
A. Jablochkova et al.
D, Protsenko E, et al. Brain glial activation in fibromyalgia
– a multi-site positron emission tomography investigation.
Brain Behav Immun 2019; 75: 72–83.
6. Jensen KB, Kosek E, Petzke F, Carville S, Fransson P, Mar-
cus H, et al. Evidence of dysfunctional pain inhibition in
fibromyalgia reflected in rACC during provoked pain. Pain
2009; 144: 95–100.
7. Khan N, Smith MT. Neurotrophins and neuropathic pain:
role in pathobiology. Molecules 2015; 20: 10657–10688.
8. Bannister K, Kucharczyk M, Dickenson AH. Hopes for the
future of pain control. Pain Ther 2017; 6: 117–128.
9. Tsilioni I, Russell IJ, Stewart JM, Gleason RM, Theoharides
TC. Neuropeptides CRH, SP, HK-1, and inflammatory cyto-
kines IL-6 and TNF are increased in serum of patients with
fibromyalgia syndrome, implicating mast cells. J Pharmacol
Exp Ther 2016; 356: 664–672.
10. De Stefano R, Selvi E, Villanova M, Frati E, Manganelli
S, Franceschini E, et al. Image analysis quantification of
substance P immunoreactivity in the trapezius muscle of
patients with fibromyalgia and myofascial pain syndrome.
J Rheumatol 2000; 27: 2906–2910.
11. Russell IJ, Orr MD, Littman B, Vipraio GA, Alboukrek D,
Michalek JE, et al. Elevated cerebrospinal fluid levels of
substance P in patients with the fibromyalgia syndrome.
Arthritis Rheum 1994; 37: 1593–1601.
12. Sarchielli P, Mancini ML, Floridi A, Coppola F, Rossi C, Nardi
K, et al. Increased levels of neurotrophins are not specific
for chronic migraine: evidence from primary fibromyalgia
syndrome. J Pain 2007; 8: 737–745.
13. Giovengo SL, Russell IJ, Larson AA. Increased concen-
trations of nerve growth factor in cerebrospinal fluid
of patients with fibromyalgia. J Rheumatol 1999; 26:
1564–1569.
14. Doan L, Manders T, Wang J. Neuroplasticity underlying the
comorbidity of pain and depression. Neural Plast 2015;
2015: 504691.
15. Maletic V, Raison CL. Neurobiology of depression, fibro-
myalgia and neuropathic pain. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)
2009; 14: 5291–5338.
16. Nijs J, Meeus M, Versijpt J, Moens M, Bos I, Knaepen K,
et al. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a driving force
behind neuroplasticity in neuropathic and central sensiti-
zation pain: a new therapeutic target? Expert Opin Ther
Targets 2015 19: 565–576.
17. Haas L, Portela LV, Bohmer AE, Oses JP, Lara DR. Increased
plasma levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)
in patients with fibromyalgia. Neurochem Res 2010; 35:
830–834.
18. Ribeiro VGC, Mendonca VA, Souza ALC, Fonseca SF, Ca-
margos ACR, Lage VKS, et al. Inflammatory biomarkers
responses after acute whole body vibration in fibromyalgia.
Braz J Med Biol Res 2018; 51: e6775.
19. Nugraha B, Korallus C, Gutenbrunner C. Serum level of
brain-derived neurotrophic factor in fibromyalgia syndrome
correlates with depression but not anxiety. Neurochem Int
2013; 62: 281–286.
20. Ranzolin A, Duarte AL, Bredemeier M, da Costa Neto
CA, Ascoli BM, Wollenhaupt-Aguiar B, et al. Evaluation
of cytokines, oxidative stress markers and brain-derived
neurotrophic factor in patients with fibromyalgia – a con-
trolled cross–sectional study. Cytokine 2016; 84: 25–28.
21. Zanette SA, Dussan-Sarria JA, Souza A, Deitos A, Torres
IL, Caumo W. Higher serum S100B and BDNF levels are
correlated with a lower pressure-pain threshold in fibro-
myalgia. Mol Pain 2014; 10: 46.
22. Kawasaki Y, Zhang L, Cheng JK, Ji RR. Cytokine mecha-
nisms of central sensitization: distinct and overlapping
role of interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, and tumor ne-
crosis factor-alpha in regulating synaptic and neuronal
activity in the superficial spinal cord. J Neurosci 2008;
28: 5189–5194.
23. Rodriguez-Pinto I, Agmon-Levin N, Howard A, Shoenfeld
Y. Fibromyalgia and cytokines. Immunol Lett 2014; 161:
www.medicaljournals.se/jrm
200–203.
24. Seidel MF, Herguijuela M, Forkert R, Otten U. Nerve growth
factor in rheumatic diseases. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2010;
40: 109–126.
25. Kadetoff D, Lampa J, Westman M, Andersson M, Kosek E.
Evidence of central inflammation in fibromyalgia-increased
cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-8 levels. J Neuroimmunol
2012; 242: 33–38.
26. Kosek E, Altawil R, Kadetoff D, Finn A, Westman M, Le
Maitre E, et al. Evidence of different mediators of central
inflammation in dysfunctional and inflammatory pain –
interleukin-8 in fibromyalgia and interleukin-1 beta in
rheumatoid arthritis. J Neuroimmunol 2015; 280: 49–55.
27. Bäckryd E, Tanum L, Lind AL, Larsson A, Gordh T. Evidence
of both systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation in
fibromyalgia patients, as assessed by a multiplex protein
panel applied to the cerebrospinal fluid and to plasma. J
Pain Res 2017; 10: 515–525.
28. Ernberg M, Christidis N, Ghafouri B, Bileviciute-Ljungar
I, Löfgren M, Bjersing J, et al. Plasma cytokine levels in
fibromyalgia and their response to 15 weeks of progres-
sive resistance exercise or relaxation therapy. Mediators
Inflamm 2018; 2018: 14.
29. Imamura M, Targino RA, Hsing WT, Imamura S, Azevedo
RS, Boas LS, et al. Concentration of cytokines in patients
with osteoarthritis of the knee and fibromyalgia. Clin Interv
Aging 2014; 9: 939–944.
30. Gerdle B, Ghafouri B, Ghafouri N, Backryd E, Gordh T.
Signs of ongoing inflammation in female patients with
chronic widespread pain: a multivariate, explorative,
cross-sectional study of blood samples. Medicine (Balti-
more) 2017; 96: e6130.
31. Larsson A, Palstam A, Lofgren M, Ernberg M, Bjersing J,
Bileviciute-Ljungar I, et al. Resistance exercise improves
muscle strength, health status and pain intensity in fi-
bromyalgia – a randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Res
Ther 2015; 17: 161.
32. Gomes WF, Lacerda AC, Mendonca VA, Arrieiro AN, Fonseca
SF, Amorim MR, et al. Effect of exercise on the plasma
BDNF levels in elderly women with knee osteoarthritis.
Rheumatol Int 2014; 34: 841–846.
33. Bjersing JL, Erlandsson M, Bokarewa MI, Mannerkorpi
K. Exercise and obesity in fibromyalgia: beneficial roles
of IGF-1 and resistin? Arthritis Res Ther 2013; 15: R34.
34. Palstam A, Larsson A, Bjersing J, Lofgren M, Ernberg M,
Bileviciute-Ljungar I, et al. Perceived exertion at work
in women with fibromyalgia: explanatory factors and
comparison with healthy women. J Rehabil Med 2014;
46: 773–780.
35. Jang MU, Park JW, Kho HS, Chung SC, Chung JW. Plasma
and saliva levels of nerve growth factor and neuropeptides
in chronic migraine patients. Oral Dis 2011; 17: 187–193.
36. Jiang YH, Peng CH, Liu HT, Kuo HC. Increased pro-inflam-
matory cytokines, C-reactive protein and nerve growth
factor expressions in serum of patients with interstitial cys-
titis/bladder pain syndrome. PLoS One 2013; 8: e76779.
37. Liu HT, Kuo HC. Increased urine and serum nerve growth
factor levels in interstitial cystitis suggest chronic inflam-
mation is involved in the pathogenesis of disease. PLoS
One 2012; 7: e44687.
38. Aoki Y, Nakajima A, Ohtori S, Takahashi H, Watanabe F,
Sonobe M, et al. Increase of nerve growth factor levels
in the human herniated intervertebral disc: can annular
rupture trigger discogenic back pain? Arthritis Res Ther
2014; 16: R159.
39. Wiener CD, de Mello Ferreira S, Pedrotti Moreira F, Bit-
tencourt G, de Oliveira JF, Lopez Molina M, et al. Serum
levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) in patients with major
depression disorder and suicide risk. J Affect Disord 2015;
184: 245–248.
40. Diniz BS, Teixeira AL, Machado-Vieira R, Talib LL, Gattaz
WF, Forlenza OV. Reduced serum nerve growth factor in
patients with late-life depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry