ITEE ITEE-1 | Page 225

Reference Spreadsheet software Examples of spreadsheet software include “Microsoft Excel” from Microsoft and “Calc” from Sun Microsystems. Reference Cell A “cell” is a section of a grid in a worksheet that is divided into columns and rows. For example, the cell in column A or row 1 is called cell “A1.” Reference Inputting formulas ● Input a formula using numbers and operator symbols Example =10+20+30 ● Reference cells with inputted numbers and input a formula using operator symbols Example =C5+D5+E5 ● Input a formula using a function Example =SUM (C5:E5) Reference 219 Spreadsheet software 3 “Spreadsheet software” is integrated software that offers a variety of functions from spreadsheet and graph creation to data management. Tables and graphs are created by inputting characters, numbers, and formulas such as functions into a worksheet. It is suited for complex data analysis, and is used to analyze sales with budgeting and pricing models, as well as create forms and slips such as quotations and invoices. The main features of spreadsheet software are summarized below. (1)Spreadsheet functions Spreadsheet software can easily perform calculations by inputting formulas into cells that use functions and operator symbols. Data can be selected, added, deleted, and inserted as well as formatted, to create tables that are easy to understand. The main operator symbols and functions used in spreadsheets are summarized below. ●Operator symbols Formula example Operator symbol Calculation performed Formula entered + (Plus) Addition − (Minus) Subtraction 2−3 =2−3 * (Asterisk) Multiplication 2×3 =2*3 / (Slash) Division 2÷3 =2/3 ^ (Caret) Exponentiation 23 =2^3 2+3 =2+3 ●Functions Function Calculation performed Formula entered SUM Sum of numbers =SUM(C2:C4) AVE RAGE Average of number =AVERAGE(C2:C4) Cell reference COUNT Count of numbers =COUNT(C2:C4) A “cell reference” refers to the referencing of a specific cell or range of cells. When a formula is inputted using a cell reference, and the data inputted into the cell is changed, the calculation result is automatically re-calculated. A cell reference can be a “relative reference” or an “absolute reference.” The “$” character can be added to the cell address to specify an absolute reference and fix the cell reference. Example =SUM ($C$2:$C$4) MAX Maximum value =MAX(C2:C4) MIN Minimum value =MIN(C2:C4) (2)Graphing functions Graphs can be easily created using data that has been inputted into cells. Graphs can be used to visually represent data, and are useful for comparing data and analyzing trends. Various types of graphs such as vertical and horizontal bar graphs, line graphs, and pie charts are included in spreadsheet software.