Ingenieur Vol.79 July-Sept 2019 ingenieur 2019 july-sept | Page 61

Figure 4: RoHS Controlled Chemicals Key Drivers The above main challenges need to be addressed first so that sustainable product design can be successfully implemented. It is not possible, even ineffective, for industry alone to overcome the issues. Other stakeholders like the Government and universities are essential in driving sustainable design initiatives. Each stakeholder has a specific role to play and the combined effect can set the right environment and platform for the smooth transformation to sustainable products, although this may take some time. Government — who is empowered with executive and legislative power and can dictate policy, has significant influence to spearhead sustainability initiatives. The policy, if carefully drafted, and rightly adopted, can boost the future growth of the intended sustainable product or compete successfully with existing non-eco-friendly products. Governments also have the guardian duty to impose rules and regulations pertaining to the compliance of product manufacturers and users in protecting the environment. For example, the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) directive was introduced by the European Union (2002) to mitigate the 10 hazardous chemicals shown in Figure 4 and prevent pollution to the environment. Any violation will lead to banning of the goods in the market. University — as institutions of higher learning to cultivate minds and conduct research, universities are probably the most conducive place to develop new knowledge and technologies that can support sustainable initiatives. These institutions can educate students who are the future engineers, technologists and industry leaders of society to care for environment and prepare them to be mindful and responsible enough to protect the planet from pollution. Of late, many universities including ones in Malaysia are offering green technology and environment-related courses. It is definitely a step in the right direction to produce more graduates in these fields who in the future may be appointed to the corporate or public sectors. They may be more inclined to safeguard the environment. Universities as centres of knowledge can also become centres of information dissemination to the public through publications, talks, conferences and seminars about environmental and pollution issues. Industry — composed of business-oriented entities that directly manufacture products for users, should share the responsibility of making sustainable products while continuing to prosper. As such, industry has two important roles, i. to enshrine su s t ainable pro duc t development and protection of the environment into its corporate philosophy, and 59