IM 2019 November 19 | Page 19

MINING INSURANCE Pryor added to this: “It is worth saying that while the capacity and cover (for policies relating to tailings dams) has certainly reduced and narrowed, in addition to the sub limits available being constrained, cover is still available. “The amount of cover you can get is very much tied to the amount of information you can provide on these facilities.” Sidhant Soni, from another global insurance company, says insurance companies were exhibiting caution when it came to these policies. “Insurance companies are taking a lot of cation and seeking independent (from any reputed third party company) tailing dam evaluation or inspection data from the prospect client, along with the past failure history. The current factor of safety, designed vs operational parameters, inspection frequency, construction type (upstream, downstream), the zone of influence, real-time monitoring, environmental impact, geotechnical condition, water management, etc. are some key elements of the thirdparty inspection reports.” he said. When it comes to obtaining liability cover, Gallagher’s Bennett said the recent tailings dam accidents had been significant “market-changing events”. “A lot of underwriters have pulled out of the writing of mining insurance because of the tailings exposure,” he said. The same is true for obtaining liability cover to protect company directors and officers, Stewart added. These market changes are partly a reaction to the recent tailings dam accidents and partly a reflection of the insurance industry’s prior understanding of the risks involved with these facilities. Wheeler said: “Some of those product areas (around tailings) that the insurance market previously provided were given, perhaps, slightly naively without enough technical understanding and knowledge of the risk at hand. “The market is now adjusting to that exposure and financial loss in a way that mining companies may not like.” This reduction in insurance capacity for certain forms of cover is one of several reasons why many companies are spending money on changing their tailings storage method – shifting away from downstream facilities, or filtering tailings as part of a dry stacking solution. Pryor believes the tailings review being conducted by the International Council on Mining & Metals (ICMM), the United Nations Environment Programme and the Principles for Responsible Investment will go some way to allowing mining companies, insurers, risk managers and other industry participants to understand the risks that come with existing and new tailings dams. The independent review intends to establish an “international standard” on tailings storage facilities, according to the ICMM, with the aim to complete the project by the end of the year. While such a report could improve transparency within the industry, as has previously been noted, the mining insurance sector – much like the mining industry – will remain cyclical in nature, with rates, excesses and underwriter capacity/appetite fluctuating from time to time. Pryor puts this in perspective: “There are some markets that are very transactional/ opportunistic and come into the market when there is a quick buck to be made and pull out very quickly when there are losses.” During this market volatility, technical insurers such as Swiss RE, Munich RE, Hannover RE, AIG, Zurich, Scor and others tend to stick it out, but may exit certain classes of cover – for example AIG no longer offers mining liability cover and Munich RE has exited all forms of mining risks in South Africa. In periods such as now when premiums received are outweighed by claims, some underwriters might exit markets, restrict cover and/or increase excesses, but the reverse could happen in the future when the balance shifts. Wheeler explained: “If we have a 10-year period where there are no tailings dam incidents and the market starts to restore to profitability and normality, I see every likelihood that all of those product areas that I mentioned earlier will start to become more confident and ease up on the some of the restrictions, pricing problems and otherwise that they are giving policyholders today.” Future cover During this theoretical decade into the future, it’s safe to assume the makeup of the mining industry will undergo significant change: automation is expected to continue to gather momentum, climate change concerns will play a bigger role in miners’ strategic decision-making and a company’s social licence to operate will have more of a bearing on the operating environment. Some of these concerns are already being acknowledged by the mining insurance community. Cybersecurity protection might not be high up the agenda of mining company’s risk departments – with the current industry takeup low – but the increased adoption of autonomous equipment and plants, plus examples of cyber- attacks from other related industries, could make miners rethink their stance. “Industries dependent on operational technologies, such as the mining industry, are realising the criticality of robust cybersecurity MAXIMIZING OPERATOR EFFICIENCY by ELIMINATING WASTED TIME AND EFFORT DOWNLOAD THE FREE APP CAT ® CYCLE TIMER Collect machine cycle times directly from your phone/tablet or other mobile device. The free app records cycle times for use in Fleet Production & Cost (FPC) studies. FPC compares actual performance with FPC estimates to identify jobsite improvement opportunities. cat.com/training/CCT For more information email [email protected] NOVEMBER 2019 | International Mining 17