IIC Journal of Innovation 8th Edition | Page 26

The Path from Data to Actionable Information as a Driver for the Industrial Ecosystem Figure 1: Data and Meaning observation to enable sensor fusion during later stages of analysis. Sensor fusion is the ability to combine many disparate data sources to form a single stream of related events and assert causality between those events. Without context and intent, one is often inferring the validity of the outcome. In highly complex systems, such as manufacturing processes, it is nearly impossible to provide valuable insights into the systems without context. This is often a key component to the success of any IIoT solution. The data cannot be analyzed at this point since even the shape and structure is unknown. We can think of Linear A script, as pictured in Figure 2. If data represented language, we would be seeing the shapes of the letters, but not yet know how to interpret the marks. 6 In Figure 1, we show the process of transforming data from a raw stream of un- interpreted bytes to prescriptive wisdom. The following sections discuss each of these steps in detail to provide a structured approach to achieving valuable insights from data. Many of the examples are manufacturing-related since that is our area of expertise. R AW D ATA Raw data is collected from the control systems and sensors to provide continuous streams of bytes from various sources. At this stage, it is imperative to create a consistent timestamp associated with each 6 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_A IIC Journal of Innovation - 25 -