IIC Journal of Innovation 12th Edition | Page 19

Digital Twin + Industrial Internet for Smart Manufacturing: A Case Study in the Steel Industry material, energy, information and value flows across these sub-processes. in isolated software applications each requiring a separate and dedicated stack that includes a server hardware, operating system, databases and software implementing the specific business logic. Moreover, because many of these software applications are highly customized, they tend to be closed-systems that are not intended to be interoperable with other systems. This leads to the formation of application islands and data silos, as illustrated in Figure 2). This situation makes the integration among the application islands and data silos a daunting, if not nearly impossible, task. However, this type of integration is exactly what is required to achieve a higher level of optimization across various equipment in a sub-process and across sub-processes. Implementing data-driven optimization in such a large-scale manufacturing environment faces several major challenges. Building on the foundation of automation systems over the past few decades, various information systems (software applications) have been implemented to manage one or another aspect of the complex production process (application domain). The software has proven valuable in managing the planning and execution of the manufacturing processes, quality, energy efficiency and equipment (asset) maintenance. Often, the same type of software applications (e.g. quality management) are implemented for different sub-processes. On the other hand, most of these software applications have been implemented based on the conventional hierarchical architecture patterns, such as ISA-95. This often results For example, in order to provide a closed- loop optimization over manufacturing process engineering for the purpose of finding the optimal set of process engineering parameters, it needs to obtain feedback from various operational domains. Figure 2: Application islands and data silos in manufacturing application environments - 14 - November 2019