IEEE BYTE VOLUME-3 ISSUE-1 | Page 10

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By​ ​listening​ ​to​ ​strongest​ ​gravitational​ ​waves​ ​are​ ​produced​ ​by​ ​catastrophic​ ​events​ ​such​ ​as colliding​ ​black​ ​holes , ​ ​coalescing​ ​neutron​ ​stars​ ​or​ ​white​ ​dwarf​ ​stars​ ​and​ ​the​ ​remnants​ ​of gravitational​ ​radiation​ ​created​ ​by​ ​the​ ​birth​ ​of​ ​the​ ​Universe​ ​itself , ​ ​scientists​ ​can​ ​reconstruct​ ​the cataclysmic​ ​events​ ​that​ ​created​ ​them​ ​and​ ​gain​ ​information​ ​about​ ​the​ ​celestial​ ​bodies​ ​that generated​ ​those​ ​waves . Einstein ’ s​ ​equations​ ​described​ ​a​ ​universe​ ​in​ ​which​ ​space​ ​and​ ​time​ ​were​ ​dynamic . ​ ​Space-time could​ ​stretch​ ​and​ ​expand , ​ ​tear​ ​and​ ​collapse​ ​into​ ​black​ ​holes​ ​ — ​ ​objects​ ​so​ ​dense​ ​that​ ​not​ ​even light​ ​could​ ​escape​ ​them . ​ ​The​ ​equations​ ​predicted , ​ ​somewhat​ ​to​ ​his​ ​displeasure , ​ ​that​ ​the universe​ ​was​ ​expanding​ ​from​ ​what​ ​we​ ​now​ ​call​ ​the​ ​Big​ ​Bang , ​ ​and​ ​it​ ​also​ ​predicted​ ​that​ ​the motions​ ​of​ ​massive​ ​objects​ ​like​ ​black​ ​holes​ ​or​ ​other​ ​dense​ ​remnants​ ​of​ ​dead​ ​stars​ ​would​ ​ripple space-time​ ​with​ ​gravitational​ ​waves .
Right​ ​now , ​ ​our​ ​telescopes​ ​can​ ​only​ ​see​ ​objects​ ​that​ ​emit​ ​electromagnetic​ ​radiation . ​ ​But​ ​some objects , ​ ​like​ ​colliding​ ​black​ ​holes , ​ ​don ' t​ ​emit​ ​any​ ​electromagnetic​ ​radiation . ​ ​Instead , ​ ​they​ ​emit gravity . ​ ​And​ ​that ' s​ ​why , ​ ​with​ ​gravitational​ ​wave​ ​astronomy , ​ ​hard-to-detect​ ​objects​ ​in​ ​the​ ​universe — ​ ​like​ ​black​ ​holes​ ​and​ ​neutron​ ​stars​ ​ — ​ ​may​ ​soon​ ​come​ ​into​ ​clearer​ ​focus . Michaelson ’ s​ ​Interferometer​ ​Experiment​ ​for​ ​detection​ ​of​ ​luminiferous​ ​Aether​ ​was​ ​the​ ​foundation of​ ​the​ ​LIGO​ ​Project . LIGO​ ​boasts​ ​two​ ​specialized​ ​detectors​ ​in​ ​Washington​ ​and​ ​Louisiana , designed​ ​to​ ​pick​ ​up​ ​these​ ​ripples . ​ ​LIGO​ ​is​ ​the​ ​world ' s​ ​largest​ ​gravitational​ ​wave​ ​observatory​ ​and a​ ​cutting-edge​ ​physics​ ​experiment . ​ ​What​ ​LIGO​ ​is​ ​looking​ ​for​ ​is​ ​evidence​ ​that​ ​gravitational waves​ ​are​ ​distorting​ ​spacetime​ ​enough​ ​that​ ​one​ ​of​ ​the​ ​arms​ ​becomes​ ​temporarily​ ​longer​ ​than the​ ​other .
Prospects 1 ) ​ ​Seeing​ ​farther​ ​back​ ​in​ ​time​ ​due​ ​to​ ​the​ ​special​ ​ability​ ​of​ ​LIGO​ ​and​ ​VIRGO​ ​of​ ​listening​ ​to the​ ​gravitational​ ​waves 2 ) ​ ​Improving​ ​on​ ​Einstein ’ s​ ​theory​ ​of​ ​general​ ​relativity​ ​as​ ​it​ ​is​ ​inconsistent​ ​with​ ​Quantum Mechanics​ ​and​ ​determining​ ​where​ ​it​ ​fails​ ​as​ ​it​ ​consistent​ ​with​ ​black​ ​holes . 3 ) ​ ​Discovering​ ​new​ ​neutron​ ​stars 4 ) ​ ​Learning​ ​how​ ​common​ ​it​ ​is​ ​for​ ​black​ ​holes​ ​to​ ​orbit​ ​one​ ​another 5 ) ​ ​Finding​ ​the​ ​source​ ​of​ ​dark​ ​matter​ ​and​ ​trace​ ​its​ ​origin . 6 ) ​ ​Finding​ ​new , ​ ​weird​ ​celestial​ ​objects​ ​such​ ​as​ ​cosmic​ ​strings​ ​ ( weird​ ​wrinkles​ ​in spacetime​ ​containing​ ​a​ ​massive​ ​amount​ ​of​ ​energy )
References
· ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​www . ligo . caltech . edu · ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​www . spaceplace . nasa . gov · ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​www . nobelprize . org · ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​www . vox . com · ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​www . newyorker . com · ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​theatlantic . com · ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​theverge . com