iDentistry The Journal Volume 14 No 2 | Page 41

The Journal Several years later, little has changed. Many children probably still have their tonsils and adenoids remove simply because they have incompetent lip posture. Afterward, of course, the common complaint is that, having had surgery at great expense, they still appear to be mouth breathing. Fig 6 : Showing nasal septum and enlarged inferior turbinate In marked contrast to the prevailing views, Ballard 18 (1957) agreed with Brash 18 (1929) in saying: “It is now evident that this open lip posture is not in any way related to chronic nasal obstruction. It is not a habit pattern activity induced by chronic nasal obstruction, it is not lack of tone in the orofacial muscles; it is in fact an inherited soft tissue morphology which has normal tone of the muscles.....” The claim and counterclaims continue, all without objective, quantified respiratory data. 19 For example, Ricketts (1968) attributed a variety of abnormalities to nasorespiratory impairment that he and several physicians determined subjectively. A study (James Bosma; 1963) noted that the mechanism of pharyngeal airway maintenance is a principal determinant of the anteroposterior relationship between the tongue tip and incisors. In fact, the tongue support musculature also participates in the function of controlling pharyngeal diameter, 20 particularly the genioglossus. Fig 7 : Position of the pharynx and the direction of airflow 40 Vol. 14 No. 2 May-August 2018