iDentistry The Journal Volume 14 No 2 | Page 40

The Journal This controversy continued into the present century with Korbitz 11 (1910), Lischer12 (1912), 11 and James (1913), who promoted the idea that mouth breathing is a significant etiologic factor in malocclusion. Others contributing to this view 11 11 included Kantorowicz (1916), Wustrow 13 (1917), and Morrison (1931). To his credit, Morrison at last, stated that the issue was unresolved and that research efforts had been little more than clinical speculation up to that point. He called for a more critical scientific approach to the problem. 14 Neivert (1939) restated the theory of muscular imbalance and regarded the adenoids as occlusions in the airway sufficient to induce breathing through the mouth. Ballenger and 11 11 Ballenger (1940) and McCoy (1946) agreed; however, Hartsook15 (1946), in a review of contemporary epidemiologic research, could not conclude that mouth breathing is an etiologic factor in the 18 production of malocclusion. Sprawson (1947) emphasized the role of nasopharyngeal lymphoid tissues and mucosa and proposed that malnutrition often resulted in the infection of these tissues, thereby occluding the airway and increasing the probability of bronchitis and ricketts. Several other factors that might predispose to mouthbreathing were suggested by 18 Bowman (1951); small nostril size, nose tip too low, deviated septum, enlarged or obstructive turbinates, swelling of the membranes, nasal polyps, and improper chewing. Fig 4 : Figure showing difference between a normal and deviated nasal septum Fig 5 : Figure showing nasal poylp 39 Vol. 14 No. 2 May-August 2018