iDentistry The Journal January 2017 | Page 12

The Journal commercial chlorhexidine mouth rinse, it was concluded that both chlorhexidine and mangiferin produced net reduction in plaque score and number of bacteria. But only mangiferin showed consistent statistically significant changes and better subject acceptance. 15 SALVADORA PERSICA(ARAK) Chemical analysis of Salvadorapersica roots demonstrated the presence of b-sitosterol, m- anisic acid elemental sulphur. Chlorides, salvadourea and high content of gypsum have been found in the stem. Organic components identified in Salvadorapersica included pyrrolidine, pyrrole and piperidine derivatives; glycosides and flavinoids. 16 Dorner (1982) has speculated that the high amount of NaCl and KCl, sulphur containing organic substances (salvadourea and salvadorine), and an alkaloid yielding trimethylamine on hydrolytic cleavage might somehow be responsible for the observed antibacterial and gum-stimulating 17 effects. GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM) The main antimicrobial constituent of garlic has been identified as the oxygenated sulphur compound, thio-2-propene-sulfinic acid Sallyl ester, which is usually referred to as allicin. Data indicate that garlic extract inhibits the growth of oral pathogens and certain proteases and so may have therapeutic value for Periodontitis. In particular, of the organisms tested, the putative periodontal pathogens had among the lowest MICs and MBCs. The garlic extract also inhibited the trypsin like and total protease activity of P.gingivalis by 92.7% and 94.88%, respectively. 18 23 22 10 3 1 21 11 Herbal combinations used to treat Periodontal diseases TRIPHALA: Triphala is best known Ayurvedic compound. It normally consists of dried and ground fruits of three Indian trees. Each of these is a powerful medicine itself. 1) Terminaliachebula ( Chebulicmyrobalan ) 2) Terminaliabellirica ( Belericmyrobalan ) 3) Phyllantusemblica( Emblicmyrobalan ). In a study on 60 patients, three groups were made -Triphala mouthwash, Metronidazole with Triphala, and Metronidazole with chlorhexidine. They concluded that Triphala was effective in relieving symptoms of periodontal disease although the combination of Triphala and Metronidazole was more effective. Bacteriologic study done showed that Triphala had a good antibacterial activity and it was sensitive to 19 (72.7%) bacteria out of 22. The inhibitory activity of Triphala was assessed on PMN- type matrix metalloproteins( MMP- 9) expressed in adult Periodontitis patients and its activity compared with another ayurvedic drug , kamillosan ( Chamomile), and Doxycycline , which has inhibitory activity . The activity of MMPs was significantly decreased with the use of these drugs .Triphala showed a 76.6% reduction of MMP- 9 activity whereas Kamillosin showed a 46.36% reduction at a concentration of 300 μg/ml (pure drug ) . Their study showed the strong inhibitory activity of Triphala on PMN – type MMPs involved in the extracellular matrix ( ECM ) degradation during Periodontitis.19 GUM – TONE Gum tone is a herbo –mineral product which has anti- inflammatory, hemostatic, analgesic, antisepticand mouth freshening properties. This product is indicated for inflamed bleeding gums, tooth ache and halitosis. Vol. 13 12 No. 1 2 3 May-August Sept-Dec 2017 Jan-April 2016 2016