IDENTIDADES 1 ENGLISH IDENTIDADES 5 ENGLISH | Page 34

ida Principal and neighboring streets);
Cienfuegos (Malecón, Parque Martí and
neighboring areas); Santiago de Cuba
(Vistalegre, Sueño); Holguín (Casco
Histórico, Julio Grave de Peralta neighborhood, and neighboring areas); Guantánamo (José Martí Avenue [Center]
and neighboring areas have been studied to better understand Japanese historian Ryuichi Ishikawa’s principle. 16
Representatives of the new political
elite occupied the places that had been
abandoned by their own owners. This
was a group in which there were no
blacks or mestizos. Furthermore, to better understand the attitude of representatives of Cuba’s Afro-Cuban population
regarding this, it is useful to adopt the
Marxist idea that man thinks as he lives.

ies working in the area of foreign investment in Cuba. In 2011, another one
exposed that there were no black or
mestizos in commercial buying or as
representatives abroad for Cuban
firms.22 In 2012, CITMA23 circulated a
publication to its provincial institutions
that 86% of the black or mestizo population worked in non-emergent sectors of
the economy: construction, subsistence
agriculture or agriculture not essential
to development; manufacturing, Communal Services (almost entirely linked
to direct labor), commerce, and gastronomy (at establishments that are not
a commercial priority), sports (hardly
any representation in leadership positions or with executive decision power
regarding missions and collaborations),
and culture (tied to direct culture and
not to powerful social circles