IDD Work Vol 1 | Page 6

An Overview of the Federation Era 1901 onwards The Australian ‘Federation’ style began toward the end of the 19th century and moved into the early 20th century, The official Federation of Australia, when the Australian colonies united and became the Commonwealth of Australia - occurred on January 1st, 1901. It was a time in Australian history where passion for an distinct Australian identity was high, and as it happened the arrival of the bubonic plague in 1900 would have some impact on the development of that new identity. The plague was worst in the inner city area of the Rocks in Sydney, people were forced to migrate to outlying suburbs for pure survival. The government was determined to rid the cities of the ‘slum’ conditions that fed the disease’s growth,, resulting in a number of ‘model’ residential developments being built. Places such as Sydney’s ‘Haberfield’ and Adelaide’s ‘Mitcham, were know as ‘garden suburbs’ and were a break away from the terraced, close knit communities of the inner city. In some cases this meant bigger houses, gardens, better water and sewerage disposal. 3.