Contents
Type 2 diabetes concept:
Background and overview
T2D is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia
due to decreased insulin secretion, insulin action or
both. It is a progressive condition in which the body
becomes resistant to the normal effects of insulin.
The diagnosis of T2D is based on the level of glucose
at which retinopathy occurs, but macrovascular
complications, such as coronary, cerebrovascular
and peripheral artery disease, appear earlier and are
often present when T2D is diagnosed. It has been
reported that >60% of people with T2D develop a
cardiovascular disease. The global prevalence of
diabetes has increased markedly from 1980 to 2014
(108 vs. 422 million).
All the international guidelines aim at achieving
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