Huffington Magazine Issue 92-93 | Page 78

SOURCES; U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE HEALING going in peoples’ homes and people would get hurt.” In Iraq, where Tremillo served his first combat tour, it was common for U.S. troops to search for weapons caches by banging on a door and ordering a family out of the house, holding them prone on the ground at gunpoint while rifling through their belongings. It was an oftrepeated scene, one that former four-star military commander Stanley McChrystal wrote in his memoir made him feel “sick.” “As I watched I could feel in my own limbs and chest the shame and fury” of the helpless civilians, he wrote. American soldiers had to act that way, Tremillo recognizes, “in order to stay safe.” But the moral compromise, the willful casting aside of his own values, broke something inside him, changing him into someone he hardly recognizes, or admires. For many who experience such moral injury, the shock and pain fade over time. Supportive and understanding family and friends, a good job and often a spiritual connection can help. For others, the wound gets worse. For Tremillo, “there is no HUFFINGTON 03.16-23.14 WAR TRAUMA SYMPTOMS The definition of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder doesn’t cover all the symptoms of moral injury, the lasting wounds to the soul caused by participation in morally ambiguous combat events. Here are the symptoms of each, and those that overlap. “Startle” Reflex Memory L o ss Fear Flashbacks PTSD S o r r ow Anger Depression Grief Anxiety Insomnia Re g re t Nightmares Shame Self-medication with alcohol or drugs Alienati BOTH on MORAL INJURY MULTIPLE DEPLOYMENTS FOR TROOPS IN RECENT WARS Frequent deployments to Afghanistan and Iraq have become routine for American soldiers – raising the risk of lasting mental trauma. Individuals deployed Number of deployments AFGHANISTAN 823,136 2001-2013 1,489,394 IRAQ 2003-2013 1,115,872 2,337,197 fairytale ending,” he said. “People try to make sense of what happened, but it often gets reduced to, ‘It was my fault,’ ‘the world is dangerous,’ or, in severe cases, ‘I’m a monster,’” explained Peter Yeomans, a staff psychologist at the VA Medical Center