Huffington Magazine Issue 86 | Page 61

ARRESTED IN AMERICA SINCE ARRIVING IN OFFICE in 2009, Obama has pushed for legislation that would allow most of the country’s 11.7 million undocumented immigrants to remain here legally. But with a faction of House Republicans refusing to concede to the demands of reformers, the president continues to oversee the deportation of about a thousand immigrants each day, insisting that he has no choice but to enforce the law as it’s written. Between 2005 and 2012, the rate of deportations doubled, and although it declined in the last year for the first time during his tenure, Obama has already overseen nearly 2 million deportations, outpacing any other president in U.S. history. As deportations have increased, so have detentions. In 1994, the government detained 82,000 people. By 2011, the most recent year for which data are available, according to the Department of Homeland Security, that number had climbed to 429,000. Some immigration activists and experts blame this rise on the political influence of companies like Corrections Corporation of America, or CCA, a major operator HUFFINGTON 02.02.14 of private prisons, including the Elizabeth facility and other immigrant detention centers around the country. In the aftermath of the attacks of 9/11, the Bush administration shifted responsibility for immigration enforcement from the Immigration and Naturalization Service to the newly created Activists in the immigration reform movement, frustrated by a lack of progress in Congress, have called on Obama to use his executive powers to stop the detention and deportation of undocumented people. Department of Homeland Security (Immigration and Customs Enforcement calls itself the “principal investigative arm” of DHS). Accordingly, private prison companies began boosting their spending on lobbying efforts aimed at influencing prison policy and securing government contracts. By the end of the decade, Congress had adopted a law requiring ICE to keep an average of 34,000 people in detention at a time. As immigration officers worked to meet this “bed quota,” as the policy is known in Washington, the private prison industry profited. Between 2005 and 2012, CCA and The GEO Group, Inc., another giant