How to Coach Yourself and Others Popular Models for Coaching | Página 134
Two specific subtypes are also identified:
o Mind reading – Sense of access to special knowledge of
the intentions or thoughts of others.
o Fortune telling – Inflexible expectations for how things
will turn out before they happen.
Magnification and minimization – Magnifying or
minimizing a memory or situation such that they no longer
correspond to objective reality. ("make a mountain out of a
molehill.")
In depressed people, often the positive
characteristics of other people are exaggerated and negative
characteristics are understated.
o Catastrophizing is a subtype of magnification: it is the
inability to foresee anything other than the worst possible
outcome, however unlikely, or experiencing a situation as
unbearable or impossible when it is just uncomfortable.
Emotional reasoning – Experiencing reality as a reflection
of emotions, e.g. "I feel it, therefore it must be true."
Should statements – Patterns of thought which imply the
way things "should" or "ought" to be rather than the actual
situation the person is faced with, or having rigid rules
which the person believes will "always apply" no matter
what the circumstances are. Albert Ellis termed this
"Musturbation".
Labelling and mislabelling – Limited thinking about
behaviours or events due to reliance on names; related to
overgeneralization. Rather than describing the specific
behaviour, the person assigns a label to someone or himself
that implies absolute and unalterable terms. Mislabelling
involves describing an event with language that is highly
coloured and emotionally loaded.
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