How to Coach Yourself and Others How to Influence, Persuade and Motivate | Page 242
setting, the audience can be skewed to perceive the information the way
the group tends to hear it.
In yet another study, researchers wanted to see whether mothers who had
just given birth to their first child would be more likely to adhere to
guidelines for their new babies' nutrition when instructed individually or
in a group.[15] The mothers were told that it could be important to give
their new babies cod-liver oil and orange juice. The mother's were taught
either one-on-one by a nutritionist associated with the hospital or in
groups of six. The study found that when taught in a group setting, the
mothers were far more inclined to give their babies cod-liver oil and
orange juice than those who had been taught individually.
[8]A. Bandura, J. E. Grusec, and F. L. Menlove, "Vicarious Extinction of
Avoidance Behavior," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 5 (1967):
16–23.
[9]A. Bandura and F. L. Menlove, "Factors Determining Vicarious Extinction of
Avoidance Behavior Through Symbolic Modeling," Journal of Personality and
Social Psychology 8 (1968): 99–108.
[10]S. Asch, "Forming Impression of Personality," Journal of Abnormal and
Social Psychology (1946): 258–290.
[11]R. Fuller and A. Sheehy-Skeffington, "Effects of Group Laughter on
Responses to Humorous Materials: A Replication and Extension," Psychological
Reports (1974): 531–534.
[12]T. Nosanchuk and J. Lightstone, "Canned Laughter and Public and Private
Conformity," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (1974): 153–156.
[13]S. Milgram, L. Bickman, and L. Berkowitz, "Note on the Drawing Power of
Crowds of Different Size," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (1969):
79–82.
[14]S. Fein, G. R. Goethals, S. M. Kassin, and J. Cross, "Social Influence and
Presidential Debates," American Psychological Association, Toronto, Canada,
1993.
[15]Kurt Lewin, "Forces Behind Food Habits and Methods of Change," Bulletin
of the National Research Council 108 (1943): 35–65.
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