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Reactions
• Distrust of others .
• Nightmares .
• Flashbacks and triggers .
• Anxiety and depression .
• Social withdrawal .
• Overactivation and restlessness .
• Dissociation .
Tools
• Provide psychoeducation for better sleep hygiene . Also provide knowledge about guilt and shame .
• Teach grounding exercises .
• Help Ali to reassert control over his body and physical distance to other people .
• Put words to his feelings and regain influence over his own life .
• Explore the BASIC-Ph model , with an emphasis on physical activity .
• Use the metaphor of the Window of Tolerance .
Reflections
1 . How could the abuse have been detected earlier when Ali came to the new country ? 2 . How would you have approached Ali when he showed rejecting behaviour ?
APPENDIX