HeMe #3 | Page 39

? ? ? ? Depression Photosensitivity (sensitivity to sunlight) Periungual telangiectasia and ragged cuticles Renal problem ( proteinuria ) 3. What are the Causes ? It is an autoimmune disease as mentioned above. Inherited genes, viruses, ultraviolet light, and some drugs ( isoniazid , procainamide, chlorpromazine ) cause SLE. Women are affected with SLE more than men . Therefore some researchers think hormones affect to develop the disease. But it is not proved yet. 4. What are the methods of investigation to diagnose SLE? ? ? ? ? ? ? Complete blood count Urinalysis Renal function test Antinuclear antibody test (ANA) Direct Immunofluoresence assay Skin biopsy 5. What are the Laboratory results in SLE ? ? Complete blood count – Leucopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, Elevation of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR). ? Urinalysis – Proteinuria, hematouria. ? Renal function tests – Elevation of blood urea and creatinine. ? Antinuclear antibody test (ANA) – positive.