Heat Exchanger World November 2022 | Page 25

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Hydrogen Applications
Spray nozzles under the tube bundle
size of the AFC . Because ultra-pure water is used and has evaporated before entering the bundle , there are no issues with corrosion or fouling . Kelvion Thermal Solution provides these systems , including the pump skid and process control , to ensure proper humidification . As part of the detailed thermal design , data is provided about the water usage as a function of the ambient temperature . Of course , when the temperature gets below the design ambient air temperature , no water is used at all . So , when could the use of a fogging system be beneficial ? Fogging is efficient for ambient temperatures above 25 ° C and humidity below 70 %. It is meant to be used during the hot season , at the hottest hours of the day when humidity is low .
In an adiabatic fluid cooler , the pre-cooled air with the depressed dry bulb travels through the tube and fin , offering a substantial increase in heat rejection capability . A pad system is often used in cases where the relative humidity is lower (‘ dry ’ air ) at higher ambient air temperatures .
Adiabatic pads Ambient air passing through the wetted adiabatic pad increases in relative humidity , cooling the entering air ’ s dry-bulb temperature towards the entering air ’ s wet-bulb temperature . The lower dry-bulb temperature exiting the adiabatic pad is referred to as the depressed dry bulb .
Tundracel closed-loop cooling tower
Installation
Air Fin Cooler ( AFC ) AFC with spray system AFC with adiabatic pads Cooling tower
12 bays , 2 bundles per bay , tube length 15 m
6 bays , 2 bundles per bay , tube length 15 m
6 bays , 2 bundles per bay tube length 15 m
4 cells 8.7 m x 8.7 m
Min . achievable process temp .
39 ° C
31.5 ° C
31.5 ° C
29 ° C
Number of fans
36
36
36
4
Total plot space
80 x 15 m ( 1200 m 2 )
80 x 15 m ( 1200 m 2 )
80 x 15 m ( 1200 m 2 )
8.7 m x 37.8 m ( 329 m 2 )
Installed motor power
1,330 kW
1,330 kW
1,725 kW
300 kW
Annual electrical consumption
100 %
102 %
130 %
25 %
Annual Evaporated water amount
N / A
10,924 m 3
10,924 m 3
385,440 m 3
Annual Water usage *
N / A
10,924 m 3
14,565 m 3
514,212 m 3
CAPEX factor
100 %
115 %
140 %
25 %
* Based on a cycle of concentration ( CoC ) of 4 , which depends on make-up water quality
Electrolyser capacity : 100 MW
Design capacity of the central cooling system : 32 MW
Dry / Wet-bulb temperature : 30 ° C / 21 ° C
Switch-on temperature of the spray system : 23 ° C
Table 2 : Technology comparison ( aiming at lowest process temperature )
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