Harvard International Review | Page 52

M O R E T H A N J U S T A G A M E FEATURES 2006-2011, with over 400,000 arriving from all over Asia. Because of its small native population, Qatar depends greatly on migrant workers in a way similar that in which the Spanish and Portuguese relied on Native American and African populations during the colonial era. The shortage of labor is a strong motivator for Qatar to keep workers, keep them as long as possible, and, because there are so many of them, give them the bare minimum to survive on. A foreign worker can only come into the Arab Gulf states through a kafeel, or sponsor. The entire system in fact contradicts Qatari labor laws, and though it is supposed to provide a balance between the employers and the employed, it places a disproportionate amount of power in the hands of the employers and nationals of Qatar. This connection between the employers and employed is the core essence of the kafala system, but it is now being criticized as slave-like and oppressive. When a foreign worker arrives in Qatar, his or her passport and travel documents are confiscated, so that they cannot leave the country unexpectedly. This has led to forced labor situations, where workers cannot leave the country for an annual trip back to their home countries. If they resist, then they can face the risk of deportation and thus a loss of employment opportunities. Workers also do not have the right to change sponsors, as it is not mandated by law and requires the approval of the sponsor. The law states that the kafeel has to pay for the worker’s medic