Currently, some participating veterinarians felt that there is, in general, good antibiotic
efficacy with an absence of antibiotic resistance in most circumstances. There are
very low residue violations, including decreased bulk milk tank residues or withdrawal
violations. Furthermore, it was noted that there is increased participation by producers
in monitoring residues and resistance. As an example, there is increased use of in-clinic
and on-farm milk culture using petrifilm to selectively decrease antibiotic treatment for
mastitis. The use of Category I drugs has been eliminated in some sectors, and has been
reduced in others. It was felt that there is ongoing pressure on cost reduction, which is
driving appropriate use of antibiotics with an increased emphasis on safe, value-priced
food. It was also noted that there has been improvement in vaccination protocols utilized
in food-producing animals.
CURRENT
SITUATION:
STRENGTHS
Overall, it was felt that the use of antibiotics and development of resistance is considered
of great importance, which has led to more appropriate use of antibiotics. There is good
collegiality and communication amongst veterinarians, particularly through the speciesinterest groups, which has led to information sharing and a shared accountability.
Veterinarian-generated protocols are in demand and producers are following them
appropriately. It was also noted that there is improved knowledge on the part of
producers of the VCPR. It was noticed that there is an increased emphasis on cow
comfort, which has decreased the need for antibiotics in that species.
Some veterinarian participants claimed they noticed a greater awareness of the issues
by stakeholders resulting in more informed decision-making. There are more discussions
between stakeholders and some conversations are occurring between industry and
government. There is an increased consumer demand for antibiotic free products, with
revenue incentives for producers for a more “natural” product. It was also noted that
Canadian animal-derived food products have a reputation for high quality.
Currently, veterinarians felt
that there is, in general, good
antibiotic efficacy with an
absence of antibiotic resistance in
most circumstances.
Generally, veterinarian respondents felt that there is an increased awareness of the
changes needed and there exists some momentum now with impending changes in
federal regulations such as the removal of growth promotion claims for antibiotics.
CgFARAD and CIPARS were noted as current strengths. There is increased use of data,
and an enhanced understanding of an appropriate VCPR and consequently more use
of veterinary consultation services. There exist some interspecies industry examples that
are effective and could be shared between species groups.
CVO Survey respondents felt that Quality Assurance (QA)/On-Farm Food Safety
Programs (OFFSP) for producers were having a positive impact in a number of ways. A
list of potential impacts was provided and CVO Survey respondents ranked them as to
the impact they have achieved (Figure 7). The most significant impact was reported in
improved record keeping on farms, followed by improved dialogue between veterinarians
and producers regarding antibiotic use, and increased producer awareness of antibiotic
residues. CVO Facilitated Discussion participants felt that protocols and procedures are
being followed well and there is an increased use of Standard Operating Procedures
(SOPs) as farm sizes increase and as industry QA and OFFSPs are being adopted.
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Antibiotic Use in Food-Producing Animals in Ontario: A Study of the Current Practises and Perceptions of Ontario Veterinarians