GLOCAL February 2014 | Page 19

Shahnawaz Bulbul* Open Society and Its Enemies and The Poverty of Historicism, Sir Karl Raimund Popper developed a critique of historicism and a defense of the 'Open Society.' Popper considered historicism to be the theory that history develops inexorably and necessarily towards a determinate end according to knowable general laws. He argued that this view is the principal theoretical presupposition underpinning most forms of authoritarianism and totalitarianism. Popper posed that historicism is founded upon mistaken assumptions regarding the nature of scientific law and prediction. Since the growth of human knowledge is a causal factor in the evolution of human history, and since "no society can predict, scientifically, its own future states of knowledge". This knowledge includes the empirical knowledge and step-by-step evolution with the course of history. In 1947, Popper founded the Mont Pelerin Society with Friedrich Hayek, Milton Friedman, Ludwig von Mises and others to defend classical liberalism, in the spirit of the Open Society. Problems of Implementing Liberalism on the Indian subcontinent Unlike other western nation states, the Indian sub-continent is different in terms of political and civil rights and practices. Whereas western democracies preferred acknowledging political freedom and 17 In The Page THEORIES Implementing the Idea of Liberal