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melanin increases significantly in the parts of the body exposed to the
sun. The role of melanin is to absorb the ultraviolet rays coming from
the sun. The more powerful the sun rays are, the more melanin will
be produced. This is why people with darker skin are less susceptible
to getting sunburned than people with fair skin. When the melanin is
no longer capable of protecting the skin a sun burn appears.
The production of melanin is triggered by the enzyme responsible for
coloring the skin, hair, and eyes and it is called tyrosinase.
Melanin is divided into two major forms: eumelanin and pheomelanin.
The first one is responsible for adding a dark color to skin and hair,
while the second makes skin and hair yellowish and/or reddish.
These two forms combine, resul ting in the well-known human skin
colors.
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