Gauge Newsletter September 2017 | Page 9

ultra-reliable connectivity and interactivity to meet their needs. On the contrary, there could be things like cloud-based services which will be reliant on fast data rates, but not necessarily need low latency. In such cases, network slicing allows the providers to partition or slice up their 5G network to accomplish the different requirements of different services. Amidst the rush and roar of new IoT technology clamouring for its share in the smart cities, Li-fi enters the race at a speed 100 times faster than Wi-fi. The “Fidelity” or Li-fi technology uses the visible light portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to transmit information at very high speeds. This contrasts with the established forms of wireless communication such as Wi-fi which uses traditional radio frequency (RF) signals to transmit data. Li-fi technology and its applications can provide Li-fi management solutions combining hardware and software together with cloud platforms, to a variety of sectors including road and transport, telecommunication and smart city authorities. They also have management solutions for hospital and health care as well as for sensitive environments. LoRa is a Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) specification intend- ed for wireless battery-operated equipment in a regional, national or global network. LoRa targets at the key requirements of Internet of Things such as secure bi-directional communication, mobility and localisation services. It has been developed specifically to meet the needs of IoT and smart cities. LoRa can connect and manage their own sub systems of a city such as waste-management, agriculture, parking, lighting etc.. The smart city concept is can not be made a reality without challenges. For instance, the success of such a city depends on its residents, entrepreneurs and visitors becoming actively involved in energy sav- ing and implementation of new technologies. There are many ways to make residential, commercial and public spaces sustainable through technology, but a high percentage of the total energy use is still in the hands of end-users and their behaviour. However, each of the above technologies works together to make smart cities even smarter. Smart cities are no longer the wave of the future. They are already here and growing quickly as the Internet of Things (IoT) expands and impacts municipal services around the globe. As the world’s popu- lation grows, and more people move into urban areas, the need for smarter cities will increase to make the best use of available resources. Niwasna Aruni Bandara Third year Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Reference 1. Michael Totty. (2017) The Rise of the Smart City. [Online]Available at: https://www.wsj.com/ [Accessed on July 15th, 2017] 2. SPI Group. (2016) LiFi to Bring the Smart City to Life. [Online] Available at: http://www.innovationandtech.ae/ [Accessed on July 15th, 2017] 3. Margarita Angelidou. (2015) Smart Cities: A Conjuncture of Four Forces.[Online] Available on: http://www.sciencedirect.com/ [Accessed on July 17th, 2017] Gauge Magazine University of Peradeniya 9