1. ON SITE TREATMENT Mostly, for the people living in sub-urban and rural areas on-site treatment method, composting is very easy as they have enough space. On the other hand, it will not only help to reduce waste but also will form good quality, environmentally friendly manure which can be used for the agricultural
2. SANITARY LANDFILL Sanitary Landfill is one of the most popular solid waste disposal method in which solid waste( refuse) is disposed of on land by burial. Here waste is spread out in thin layers, compressed and covered with soil. To prevent environmental hazards like ground water contamination, the bottom is covered with an impervious liner made of layers of plastic or sand. oped countries to manage waste.
Now, there are more modern methods to collect the methane gas as well as leachate produced from the anaerobic decomposition. Though this method is not still practiced in Sri Lanka, sanitary landfills are common in devel
Source- www. designinfographics. com
There are certain types of sanitary landfills designed to cater the amount of the waste received.
▪ Mechanized sanitary landfill – for more than 40 tons of waste daily
▪ Semi- mechanized sanitary landfill – for more than 16- 40 tons of waste daily
▪ Manual sanitary landfill – for less than 15 tons of waste daily
The type of the landfill must be selected according to the waste collected in tons per day, and again this should be after going through the hierarchy of waste minimization. Other important parameters that should be considered before establishing a landfill are, full or partial hydrogeological isolation, waste disposal plan, permanent control, planned waste emplacement. In addition, easy access, being located in an area where its operation will not harm the environment and the area being large enough to accommodate the community waste for a longer duration, should be considered.
Source- www. skaps. com
Although this is a better option, there are some drawbacks in sanitary landfills too. Problems with the leachate( liquids that leach or leak from the landfill polluting the underground water) and waste gas( methane) generation, groundwater pollution and high cost in the regular operation and maintenance may arise. Finally, the closure of the landfill and future use of the land area should be planned out well so that it will not become an area with environmental issues. there are some drawbacks in sanitary landfills too. Problems with the leachate( liquids that leach or leak from the landfill polluting the underground water) and waste gas( methane)
28 University of Peradeniya Gauge Magazine