eye care 1 | Page 8

3. GLAUCOMA Glaucoma is the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. In India alone, it affects around 12 million people; India is projected to become the world capital of glaucoma by 2020. The sight loss caused by glaucoma is progressive and, unlike cataract, is irreversible. Fortunately, early diagnosis and treatment can prevent blindness. What is Glaucoma? Glaucoma is a disease of the nerve for vision (optic nerve) caused by increased pressure in the eye. How does Glaucoma occur? 40% of your optic nerve can be damaged before you notice any loss of vision 90% of Glaucoma patients remain undiagnosed in India In Open Angle Glaucoma, Ocular Hypertension There is a small space in the front of the eye called the "anterior chamber“. Clear liquid flows in-and-out of the anterior chamber; this fluid nourishes and bathes nearby tissues. If a patient has glaucoma, the fluid does not drain properly it drains too slowly - out of the eye. This leads to fluid build-up, and pressure inside the eye rises. Unless this pressure is brought down and controlled, the optic nerve and other parts of the eye may become damaged, leading to loss of vision. 5