ENDA Abstracts book Enda Abstract book 16_07_2017_1 | Page 66

Ásgeir Valur Snorrason Clinical Specialist in Nurse Anaesthesia Landspitali University Hospital Sléttuvegur IS [email protected] HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF SIMUATION It may be argued that simulation has its roots in childplay. By creating circumstances as close to reality as possible, various situations may be exercised. Simulation can be traced back to pilot training in WW1. In 1929, Edwin Link built the first flight simulator that imitated the movement of a real aeroplane according to a student´s actions. In 1960, methods of resuscitation had been introduced but a Norwegian toy maker, Laerdal, made the famous Resusci Anne, to make training in resuscitation possible. The next milestone in patient simulation was the Harvey simulator which led the way to more sophisticated simulators. At the end of the seventies, research of serious flight accidents revealed the importance of non technical skills, i.e. communication and team work. Lack of communication, teamwork and leadership is the main cause of approximately 80% of accidents in the flight industry and the same statistics apply to health care. Cockpit resource management, later crew resource management was established as a method to improve those factors. The problem in those flight accidents was, amongst other things, hierarchy in the cockpit that made it impossible for other crew members to question the decisions of the captain. In simulation, the focus moved toward training in CRM, that is in teamwork, non technical skills and communication. Later, those principles were adapted in health care under the name Crisis Resource Management. Other high risk professions also have made the principles of CRM the corner stone of their training (Train Resource Management etc). Keywords: Simulation, Patient simulation, Crisis Resource Management, CRM, Non technical skills Congress Topics: Connecting, Sharing and Learning in Nursing 64 |