Transition Rate (TR)
The number of students admitted to the first grade of a higher level of education in a given year, expressed as a percentage of the number of students enrolled in the final grade of the lower level of education in the previous year. Transitioning to a higher cycle conveys information on the degree of access or transition from one cycle or level of education to a higher one. Viewed from the lower cycle or level of education, it is considered as an output indicator, viewed from the higher educational cycle or level, it constitutes an indicator of access. It can also help in assessing the relative selectivity of an education system, which can be due to pedagogical or financial requirements.
Pupil-Teacher Ratio (PTR)
This is the average number of pupils per teacher at a specific level of education in a given school year. To measure the level of human resources input in terms of the number of teachers in relation to the size of the pupil population. The results can be compared with established national norms on the number of pupils per teacher for each level or type of education.
Percentage of Trained Teachers
Number of teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching at the specified level of education in the given country, expressed as a percentage of the total number of teachers at the same level of education. This measures the proportion of teachers trained in pedagogical skills, according to national standards, to effectively teach and use the available instructional materials. It reveals also a country's commitment to invest in the development of its human capital involved in teaching activities.
Out-of-School Children
Children in the official primary school age range who are not enrolled in either primary or secondary schools. To identify the size of the population in the official primary school age range who should be targeted for policies and efforts in achieving universal primary education.
FINANCING INDICATORS
Public Expenditure on Education as a Percentage of Gross Domestic Product.
Total public expenditure on education (current and capital) expressed as a percentage of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in a given financial year. This indicator shows the proportion of a country’s domestic production generated during a given financial year that has been spent by government authorities on education.