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THE FIVE FINGERS OF SOCIAL DESIRE 119 and personal sensual pleasure. We need to develop a new language of desire, offering ourselves a broader palette of colors to paint ever finer shades of meaning, subtlety, and nuance. Thinking through the sodo-erotic represents one step toward developing this language, moving us toward a greater fluency in the language of freedom itself. We need to rationally fall in love with what is potentially most empathetic and progressive within sodal relationships. By focusing on the quality of relationships to self, others, and to the rest of the natural world, we move away from appeals to universalizing essences, to articulate crudal cultural meanings and sodal relationships. Trusting ourselves to think compassionately, organically, and relationally, we may take the apple of knowledge into both hands and bite down hard. Notes 1. Benjamin Barber, in his book Jihad, vs. McWorld, elaborates upon the idea of McDonald's as a metaphor for the mood and mechanism of ‘advanced’ capital. For Barber, the parallel emergences of global capital and religious fundamentalism complementary threat to democracy itself. See Barber, represent a paradoxically Jihad v. McWorld (New York: Random House, 1995). Also, for a truly stimulating discussion of the meaning of service economy in an era of 'flexible accumulation, see David Harvey’s The Condition of Postmodemity (Cambridge: Blackwell, 1990). 2. Max Weber initiated a century-long discussion of the idea of 'disenchantment'. The term 're-enchantment' was popularized by students of Weber, members of the Frankfurt School including Max Horkheimer, Theodore Adorno, and Herbert Marcuse. Both terms have subsequently captured the imaginations of a range of theorists engaged in postmodern and ecological discourse, thinkers searching for a way to talk about the erosion of meaning and ecological integrity within modem and postmodern capitalism. 3. See Janet Biehl and Peter Staudenmaier, Ecofascism: Lessons from the German Experience (London: AK Press, 1995). 4. The question of'mystery' has dominated much discussion in feminist and ecological circles. Rightly dismayed by reductive analytical reasoning that reduces phenomena to meaningless fragments in the pursuit of'rational knowledge', many thinkers have advocated embracing the idea of 'mystery' as a way to point to moments of irreducible meaning. Such discussions have led to pleas to put 'mystery' back into politics as a way to 're-enchant' an otherwise instrumental political practice. For a brief discussion of 'mystery', see Ynestra King, Necessity of History & Mystery," in 5. The modem transmogrification "The Woman ofPowei" 1988. of Eros (a pre-Olympian deity who, born of Chaos, personnified love in all of its aspects) into an 'energy' or ‘Life Force' is most closely associated with Sigmund Freud. Modeling the human psyche after the steam pump, Freud described the psychic world as a mechanism analogous to a series of pressure chambers activated by the fluctuating pressure narrative of and release of steam energy. Freud transformed the mythological Eros into this mechanistic model, establishing Eros as a 'steam-like' impulse, energy, force, or drive that would propel social behavior. Also, for a more historical and social discussion of Eros, see Herbert Marcuse, Eros and Civilization (Boston: The Beacon Press, 1955). Although Marcuse retains the energistic approach to Eros taken by Freud, he pioneered a discussion of Eros as a potentially constructive social impulse. 6. According to Nicholas Xenos, it is within classical liberal theory that we first see an explicit theory of scarcity associated with ideas of need, desire, individualism, and capitalism. See Nicholas Xenos, Scarcity and Modernity (New York: Routledge, 1989). 7. For a discussion of the emergence of sexual discourses in Western history, see Michel Foucault, History of Sexuality, Vol. 1 (New York: Vintage Books, 1980). 8. For a critical examination of technology within contemporary ecological discourse, see Murray Bookchln, RtbEitchauling Humanity (London: Cassell, 1995).