Cumbie's World #8 & #9 #8-9 | Page 11

6.        What  are  the  five  phases  of  the   systems  development  life  cycle   (SDLC)?  1.  Systems  planning  and   selection  2.  Systems  analysis  3.   Systems  design  4.  Systems   implementation  and  operation  5.   Systems  maintenance       7.      List  and  describe  five  techniques  used  in  requirements   collection.  Interviews-­‐  analysts  interview  people  informed  about  the   operation  and  issues  of  the  current  or  proposed  system.  Questionnaires-­‐  analysts  design  and  administer   surveys  to  gather  opinions  from  people  informed  about  the  operation  and  issues  of  the  current  or  proposed   system.  Observations-­‐  analysts  observe  workers  at  selected  times  to  see  how  data  are  handled  and  what   information  people  need  to  do  their  jobs.  Document  analysis-­‐  analysts  study  business  documents  to  discover   issues,  policies,  and  rules  as  well  as  concrete  examples  of  the  use  of  data  and  information  in  the  organization.   Joint  application  design-­‐  JAD  is  a  group  meeting-­‐based  process  for  requirements  collection.   15. What  are  the  three  major  components/tasks  of  the  systems  design  phase  of  the  SDLC?  Designing  the  Human-­‐ Computer  Interface,  Designing  Databases  and  Files,  Designing  Processing  and  Logic       16. What  are  the  four  options  for  system  conversion?  How  do  they  differ  from  each  other?  Parallel,  which  consists   of  old  and  new  systems  that  are  used  at  the  same  time.  Direct,  which  consists  of  old  system  is  discontinued  on   one  day,  and  the  new  is  used  the  next.  Phased,  which  parts  of  the  new  system  are  implemented  over  time.   Pilot  (single  location),  which  the  entire  system  is  used  in  one  location.   17. Compare  and  contrast  the  four  types  of  systems  maintenance.  Corrective  maintenance  is  making  changes  to  an   information  system  to  repair  flaws  in  the  design,  coding,  or  implementation.  Adaptive  maintenance  is  making   changes  to  an  information  system  to  evolve  its  functionality,  to  accommodate  changing  business  needs,  or  to   migrate  it  to  a  different  operating  environment.  Perfective  maintenance  is  making  enhancements  to  improve   processing  performance  or  interface  usability,  or  adding  desired  but  not  necessarily  required  system  features   (in  other  words,  “bells  and  whistles”).  Preventive  maintenance  is  making  changes  to  a  system  to  reduce  the   chance  of  future  system  failure.