Creature Companion July Edition | Seite 40

Pet Nutrition FOS in dog food Dr A C Beynen was professor of veterinary nutrition at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands in the period of 1993-2007. 40 FOS (fructo-oligosaccharides) refers to a group of carbohydrates consisting of bonded fructose units. Labels of dog foods with added FOS declare it as such, as inulin, or as chicory root, extract or powder. Inulins present in or isolated from chicory roots are FOS mixtures with longer fructose chains. FOS blends comprising shorter chains are made from inulin or table sugar. Admixed preparations in relevant dry dog foods provide 0.025 to 1.0% FOS, while the amount of FOS brought along by the base ingredients is unknown. Foods with added FOS claim to balance the dog’s intestinal, bacterial composition. FOS is purported to selectively feed the good gut bacteria toward a healthier community. A compilation of 11 and 9 dog experiments shows that 0.6% supplemental FOS in dry food is required to produce a two- and three-fold increase in the populations of the putative good bacteria, bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. Some promotional materials also assert that FOS aids in canine digestion. Research data indicate that adding 0.6% FOS to dry food increases net uptake of total, dietary dry substances by the small intestine, but slightly decreases the uptake along the total intestinal tract, or from mouth to anus. Despite its latter effect, 0.6% added FOS in dry food does not noticeably raise stool volume. To sum up, 0.6% added FOS in dry food appreciably enhances beneficial gut bacteria and small-intestinal digestion. That inclusion level is higher than the amounts mixed into many dog foods featuring FOS. Dog owners wishing to feed effective, FOS-enhanced dry food, may consult product labels and/or contact manufacturers to verify that the potential purchase contains sufficient, added FOS. Noteworthily, there is no evidence that dietary FOS maintains or improves visible health and extends longevity in dogs. Creature Companion | July 2019 • Vol. XII • Issue 7 • Noida