Creature Companion - Interzoo Special September 2019 | Page 18

Feline Matter Feline Allergic Asthma: ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW By Dr. (Mrs.) P Chaudhary* F eline allergic asthma, also called feline asthma or feline lower airway disease, is very similar to human asthma. It is a chronic infl ammation of the small passageways of a cat’s lungs. According to estimates, feline allergic asthma aff ects 1-5 percent of domestic cats. When an asthma attack happens, these passageways thicken and constrict, making it diffi cult for a kitty to breathe. Th is oft en leads to respiratory distress and can become grave in a matter of minutes. Th e lungs may also begin to discharge mucus into the airways, leading to severe cough and wheezing. It can become a life threatening problem, if a veterinary evaluation is not done on time. Symptoms of Asthma in Cats ™ Coughing and Wheezing; ™ Squatting with shoulders hunched, neck extended and gasping for breath; ™ Persistent cough; ™ Coughing up foamy mucus; ™ Open mouth breathing; ™ Blue lips and gums; ™ Overall weakness and lethargy. Causes of Asthma in Cats Th e prime cause of asthma in cats is allergic bronchitis. Allergic bronchitis occurs when the airways in a cat’s lungs become infl amed due to an inhaled allergen or something that stimulates the immune system. Common factors that can contribute to severity of an asthma attack include: ™ Allergens like pollens, moulds, dust from cat litter, cigarette smoke, perfume and certain foods; ™ Pre-existing heart conditions; ™ Parasites; ™ Extreme stress; ™ Obesity. Asthma in cats usually develops between the ages of 2 and 8, with a higher occurrence in females. You should visit your vet immediately if you think your cat is displaying the classic symptoms of asthma. Diagnosis Symptoms of asthma in cats can be similar to those seen in other diseases like heartworm, pneumonia and congestive heart failure. So, it becomes very important for your vet to perform a diff erential diagnosis with diff erent tests like X-Rays, blood diagnostic tests and evaluation of bronchial secretions. Treatment Th ere is no true cure for cat asthma. Pet parents need to learn to manage it. Eff ective therapy includes bronchodilators to open up the airway passages or reduce the infl ammation. Inhalers are also used sometimes to provide treatment for feline asthma. Pet parents should strive to develop the immunity of their cat. Prevention Several preventive measures can be adopted to avert the occurrence of feline allergic asthma. Th ese are: ™ Have your cat tested for internal parasites regularly; ™ Reduce stress in the cat’s environment; ™ Do not use perfumes, room fresheners, aerosol cleaners etc.; ™ Avoid using cat litters that create a lot of dust; ™ Keep the kitty’s weight down through cat play and regular exercise; ™ Use humidifi ers, especially during winters; ™ Do not expose your cat to cigarette smoke; Lifelong veterinary care and symptom management can improve both the quality as well quantity of life in cats suff ering from feline allergic asthma. * Dr. (Mrs.) P Chaudhary is a Veterinary gradu- ate from CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. She is a practising Vet at Dr. Chaudhary’s Pet Clinic, Anand Niketan, New Delhi.