Cold Link Africa November/December 2018 | Page 17

EVENTS AND EXHIBITIONS INCORPORATING COLD CHAIN from the book he co-authored, Food Foolish: The Hidden Connection Between Food Waste, Hunger, and Climate Change. Mandyck noted that we have a ‘hidden’ source of food that can feed up to four-billion global citizens. From an environmental standpoint, it can save the equivalent emissions impact of every car on every road annually, while saving enough water to fill the annual water needs for all of Africa. That hidden source is the food that we waste — about 30% annually across the globe. Mandyck noted that while we grow enough food to feed about 10-billion people compared to the current global population of just over seven billion, we are successfully feeding only about six billion. And the challenge of sustainably feeding the world population by 2050 will only grow more intense with rising competition for resources and increased urbanisation. By 2050, 66% of the world’s population will live in cities. This is a key issue for Vietnam, where the urbanisation rate is higher than that of China and India. Broadly, people are moving further away from their sources of food, which requires infrastructure investment to ensure that food supplies can be successfully transported to them with minimal waste. Where does global food loss and waste occur? Mandyck noted that 63% of global food wastage occurs at the production and distribution levels, while 37% occurs at the consumer level. In Vietnam, as in the US, the leading item in municipal landfills is food. And yet, while 30% of our food goes to waste globally, two-billion people suffer from micronutrient deficiencies across the globe, lacking access to proper nutrition to lead productive lives. That wastage is also a serious climate problem, leading to 4.4 billion metric tonnes of CO 2 emissions annually. Mandyck cited a compelling fact from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (UNFAO): If ranked as a country, food waste would be the third- largest emitter of greenhouse gas emissions behind the US and China. Those emissions also harm our oceans, which absorb one- third of global CO 2 emissions. The resulting increase in acidity levels (26% over the past 200 years) threatens a critical source of food in the coming decades — particularly for the developing world. Speakers and delegates networking at the dinner event. Food is also critically linked to fresh water, which comprises only 1.3% of the planet’s overall water. Since agriculture consumes 70% of the world’s fresh water supplies, and we waste roughly 30% of our food, it is more than appropriate to note that food waste is water waste. For perspective, Mandyck pointed out that the water we waste in food annually is greater than the annual irrigated water use of any nation on Earth. Clearly, food waste is a pressing global challenge on many fronts, but it must also be viewed as a tremendous opportunity for social and environmental progress as the population surges towards 10 billion by 2050. As Mandyck advised, to address this opportunity, we must collaborate — connecting thought leaders from multiple sectors who often are working in silos — and we must use technology to sustainably extend the world’s food supply to feed more people. Carrier is working to do both through the educational and connective power of the World Cold Chain Summits, as well as through innovation in refrigeration to safely deliver more food to more people. The innovation aspect is key, as it is natural to assume that an expansion of refrigeration units around the globe will increase greenhouse gas emissions. The benefit of reducing emissions by preventing food loss and waste through an expanded and improved cold chain, however, outweighs the associated increase in emissions by a factor of 10 to one. As Mandyck concluded, this proves that an expanded cold chain throughout the developing world is an essential strategy in the quest to sustainably feed the planet, and it makes him optimistic that we can uncover this vast, hidden source of food. Dao The Anh, vice-president of the Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VAAS), spoke about the challenges and opportunities in Vietnam’s cold agricultural value chain. DAY 1, KEYNOTES The first session of the day covered three keynote talks on food loss and waste (FLW) and agricultural issues in Asia and Vietnam. Dr Tony Shih-Hsun Hsu, professor at the Department of Agricultural Economics, National Taiwan University, started this Dr Pham Van Tan, deputy director of the Vietnam Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Post-harvest technology (VIAEP), asking a question. COLD LINK AFRICA • November/December 2018 Continued on page 19 www.coldlinkafrica.co.za 17