Civil Insight: A Technical Magazine Volume 3 | Page 57
Civil Insight (2019) 57-63
Civil Insight: A Technical Magazine
Comparison of Axial Load Distribution on Bridge Pile Foundation under
Different Analysis Procedures
1,*
Asim Gautam, 2 Shakil Manandhar, 3 Kameshwar Sahani
1 Student,
2 Deputy
ME in Structural Engineering, Kathmandu University, Nepal, [email protected]
Team Leader, Local Roads Bridge Program, Lalitpur, Nepal, [email protected]
3 Lecturer, Kathmandu University, Nepal, [email protected]
Abstract
This paper considers the structural aspects of pile foundation by comparing the axial load distribution on bridge pile
foundation when analyzed by the Classical Method and the Finite Element Method (FEM). 3D numerical model of
the pile group was made using SAP2000. The axial loads at piles at the base of the pile cap were compared and the
results were established. While comparing the distribution of axial loads at the pile, the Classical Method was found
to underestimate the design load when compared with the FEM model. This leads to a finding that the Classsical
Method of load distribution may not be sufficient to predict the design loads of the pile foundation group.
Keywords: Axial load distribution, Bridge pile foundation, Pile group, Finite Element Method (FEM),
Classical Method
1) Introduction
Bridges are critical infrastructure in transportation network as they provide connections over the obstacles
like rivers. Among the components of the bridge, bridge foundation is the most vulnerable as the foundation
comes in direct contact of the soil. As the soil properties are less predictable in nature, a number of bridge
foundation failures have been observed in the past few decades. It has been estimated that 60% of all bridge
failures result from scour and other hydraulic-related causes (Kattell & Eriksson, 1998). To counter the
scouring problems in bridges, deep foundations are a must. The deep foundations include well foundation
and pile foundation. Due to the ease of construction and the availability of equipment, bored cast in-situ
concrete piles are primarily used in Nepal.
Local Roads Bridge Program (LRBP) is the program coordinated by the Department of Local Infrastructure
(DoLI), supported by Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) to provide technical
assistance to the states and local levels in motor-able bridge construction. According to LRBP, the structural
design of bridge pile foundations (bored cast in-situ) are designed using the classical approach of load
distribution and codal provisions of IS 2911 (Part 1/Sec 2). The failure of bridge foundation in the past, like
the one in Jhulaghat across Babai River, has prompted the need for assessing the alternative methods of
structural analysis and design.
In design of bridges, the axial load that needs to be resisted by a pile is one of the most important parameters
required for pile design. For the study, the axial load that needs to be resisted by a pile in a group of piles
was calculated using the Classical Method of distribution of loads coming to the pile foundation. This study
aims to examine whether the classical approach of load distribution in piles predicts the design axial load
adequately. Thus, 3D numerical modeling using the FEM-based software SAP2000 (SAP2000, 2015) was
*Corresponding Author
Email address: [email protected] (Asim Gautam)
Submitted on October 5, 2019; Accepted on December 15, 2019
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