Glossary of Terms
Bilingual The ability to understand and speak two languages. Biliteracy The ability to read and write two languages. Bilingual education
Dominant language and culture
Early-Exit MLE programmes
Education for All( EFA)
An education programme in which two languages are taught as subjects and used as languages of instruction. This differs from monolingual education programmes that use one language for instruction and may teach one or more additional languages as subjects but do not use them for instruction.
A language spoken by the dominant social group, or language that is seen as the main language of a country. In some cases, a language may have official or national status even though it is not used by a majority of the country’ s population.
These are educational programmes that use the learners’ mother tongue for teaching only in pre-primary or early primary grades but then move students into the official school language and out of their MT by mid-primary. Also known as“ subtractive bilingual education”( subtracting the MT) as opposed to“ additive bilingual education”( adding the official language while continuing to support the MT, at least to the end of primary school).
The name given to a 1990 UNESCO-sponsored effort among UN member states to provide access to education for all children by 2015. Although the member states made a largely successful increase in access to classrooms, much of that increase did not result in acceptable school achievement. As a result, in 2000 at a UNESCOsponsored World Education Forum in Dakar( Senegal), educators identified“ quality and inclusive education” as the primary goal.
Ethnic minority
Globalization
A term applied to language and cultural groups that live in a multicultural context among groups that speak larger and more dominant languages.
Refers to economic, cultural, and political relations among nations that have become more common as a result of increasing access to travel and communication.
Overview of this MTB MLE Resource Kit
7