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Figure 1: Innovation Framework for the Creative Industries
Source: UNIDO
UNIDO has therefore identi?ed traditional cultural products and services, which cannot be outsourced, to enhance capacities to be used by local or international markets. These products and services cannot compromise traditional cultural heritage of a province, region, country or geographical set-up. The Creative Industries concept applied includes several sectors that have potential for wealth and job creation, when accompanied by appropriate policies and strategies. Included are industries related to advertising, arts, architecture, crafts, design, ?lm and audiovisual media, the agri-businesses sector for textiles, fashion design, leather, furniture, food and even community-based tourism-related services. With the rate of global youth unemployment in 2009 increasing from 11.8 per cent to 12.7 per cent ? an unprecedented increase of 4.5 million unemployed youth worldwide, the pre-crisis trend of declining youth unemployment rates since 20021 has been reversed.
The Creative trade dependency ratio (CTDR)
which
measures a country s trade dependency of creative industries (both for goods and services) to GDP showed more than half (23 out of 36) on the list of countries with above average (CTDR > 2.8%) are European (12 from Central and Eastern Europe). Open, island economies such as Hong Kong, Malta, Singapore and Cyprus top the list. In many countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, the creative sector makes a signi?cant contribution to these economies in terms of GDP and employment impact. Brazil ranks the highest with a GDP contribution of 6.7 percent and an employment share of 5.0 percent. However, even a smaller economy like Uruguay has impressive ?gures to report with 6.0 percent and 4.9 percent shares in GDP and employment, respectively. Jamaica, a small Caribbean economy, also bene?ts from a sizeable creative sector with GDP and employment shares of 5.0 percent and 3.0 percent2.
The rise of creative industries has revealed a key to developing countries identi?cation of ways to create
1
At the end of 2010, there were an estimated 75.1 million young people in the world
employment for youth. Transforming energies of youth into new ideas and organization and future vision, is part of the UNIDO's vision for job generation and empowerment of entrepreneurs. Women, youth groups and peripheral communities are among sectors targeted to respond to new opportunities for utilizing creativity.
Volume 5 July - September 2013
struggling to ?nd work ? 4.6 million more than in 2007. Between 2008 and 2009, the number of unemployed youth increased by an unprecedented 4.5 million. (ILO, 2011).
2
For further details and data from other countries see WIPO (2012), Copyright +
Creativity = Jobs and Economic Growth: WIPO Studies on the Economic Contribution of Copyright Industries, World Intellectual Property Organization.
continued on page 8 www.creativeindustriesexchange.com
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