Campus Review Volume 27. Issue 06 | June 17 | Page 18

INDUSTRY & RESEARCH campusreview.com.au Pay as you drive? Jamye Harrison and Russell King. Photo: Clearways Mobility A UNSW professor is proposing a road usage scheme that rewards smart driving behaviour and allows drivers to opt out of paying fuel tax. Jamye Harrison interviewed by Gemma Purves J amye Harrison, an adjunct professor in the Faculty of Engineering at the University of New South Wales, and business partner Russell King are the first non-UK entrants to be shortlisted for the Wolfson Economics Prize. Since the £250,000 ($430,000) prize – funded by Lord Simon Wolfson – was first awarded in 2012, it has asked entrants to provide solutions to a variety of public policy issues. The latest question, one of pressing concern for anyone living in a large city, asks: “How can we pay for better, safer, more reliable roads in a way that is fair to road users and good for the economy and the environment?” While a number of finalists opted for a stick approach to road use, Harrison and King, the founders of tech startup Clearways, went with a carrot approach. Using their experience in the public and private sector, they came up with an innovative package that entirely rethinks how to generate ongoing road funding. One reason roads are increasingly underfunded despite increasing use is the change in vehicle technology. Not only are cars more fuel efficient, but the fuel is often a petrol/biofuel mix, with the biofuel component taxed at a significantly lower rate. Combined with the rise of hybrids and electric vehicles (EVs), as well as the increasing likelihood of the future ubiquity of autonomous vehicles, it is easy to see why it’s an issue for governments. Harrison sits down with Campus Review to discuss his work. CR: Can you explain how you came up with the idea of ‘pay as you drive’, as opposed to ‘pay as you go’? JH : Most of the submissions stem from road pricing or road user 16 charging. Our perspective on this, we feel, is different in a couple of areas. The first point I make is that road pricing or road user charging is something that has been very well studied and documented in academic literature and various research studies, not only over many years but many decades. As far as a concept, price signalling, the concept of demand management not just supply, which is increasing the supply of road space, has been very well studied but never really put into practice, as far as broad-based road pricing is concerned. Our perspective is that the key impediment to introducing road pricing is one of an acceptable political pathway. It's not something that has been palatable to any government over a long period in terms of addressing congestion, let alone road funding. Russell and I first focused on establishing an acceptable political pathway for road pricing, then some commercial and technology innovation to back that up. What we've got is something called Customer Led Demand Management: a system of road pricing that is attractive to road users, and has several benefits. It's all about incentivising smart driving behaviour – for example, travelling outside of the peak, or moving from car or road traffic to public transport or other means of transport. It's about incentivising smart choices, not penalising congestion-causing behaviour. How are you going to incentivise people to move onto the ‘pay as you drive’ scheme you are proposing? There is an important backdrop to all of this – there are two or three major trends that need to be considered. They fall across three horizons. There is the here and now, which is congestion. Increasing urbanisation and population growth in, pretty much, any country are the key drivers to increasing traffic congestion. Obviously that plays out differently in different cities depending on uptake of public transport and so forth.