Campus Review Volume 26. Issue 12 | Seite 21

campusreview.com.au good intent, any change has been iterative at best and has done little to prevent the decline in apprenticeship numbers and completion rates, nor in perceptions related to quality. THE WORLD OF WORK To tackle the question of how to strengthen the value of, and commitment to, a quality system, we must first consider what is happening to the world of work. An apprenticeship model fundamentally created in a previous century will inevitably need to evolve, if not be overhauled, in order to meet the needs of the digitised economy. The fourth industrial revolution – evidenced by developments such as Industry 4.0 or the internet of things – is transforming manufacturing. Industry 4.0 is about the next stage in manufacturing, driven by digitisation, and will connect emerging technologies and digitisation across all industries, such as energy, transport and infrastructure. The future competitiveness of Australian companies will be largely determined by the scope and penetration of new and yet-to-be-developed technologies and how professionally and consistently they are used. Among responses to this workplace revolution is the need to retool the nation. Developing new and different skills using the right digital technology will be vital. The apprenticeship system sits neatly in this space. It is capable of providing a high-quality, fully integrated learning and employment experience at the leading edge of economic transformation. CHANGING TO MEET OUR FUTURE NEEDS Historically, our education and training system has been built and developed around public training institutions. For the future, the organising principle needs to continue to shift to the individual and work. Some individuals will train in order to gain work; others will build their learning through work. Either way, the strength of workbased learning models will be important. Qualifications will need to be designed differently and made accessible across contexts in many more varied and timely ways. The challenge is to ensure that all learners, including apprentices, gain a robust and rigorous base upon which to build skills and experience over the course of their working life. Some will become workers typified by the ‘gig economy’. They will abandon the traditional 9-to-5 employment in favour of working independently, task by task, for various employers, including in high-skill areas. Others will need to build a strong initial platform upon which they can continue to grow and extend their skills and experiences. The importance of STEM disciplines to the future economic and social wellbeing of Australia must not be underestimated. Furthermore, occupational structures are also changing. Different blends of skills are required for many occupations and completely new jobs are frequently emerging. The Foundation for Young Australians estimates that 60 per cent of students are being trained in jobs that automation will radically change over the next 10–15 years. If we focus on VET students alone, this figure jumps to 71 per cent. Many growth industries increasingly require higher levels of skills. The apprenticeship model is tacitly limited to the delivery of Certificate III trade skills alone; this will render it unable to meet many of the challenges of the digitised economy. The core principles of the apprenticeship model are well placed VET & TAFE to develop many of the skills required into the future,