chants are a prime example of ASC (altered styles
of consciousness) and ASC (altered styles of
communication.
V
Olsen's "projective verse" and "composition by
field" focus on the bodily act of poetry, namely
breathing, the shaman treats sound in a similar
ornate fashion and induces trance-like states by
locating sound and poetry in the field of the body.
Thus a focus on breathing is tantamount. John
Weiners was influenced by this form of
transposition. Weiners intensifies his "near-
religious connection" with a ritual, a
counterculture, with "dark people” and their
“sacred places” (Beckett, 2012). The urban
landscape becomes a dreamscape, a development
of a murky consciousness, recalling William
Burroughs. Everything, including meaning and
semiosis, is hidden. The mystic is what lies
beneath the silence, the images lie "glassed in their
eyes". These strangers or "vipers" are shadows in
the spectre of a sacred place. This sacred place is
the urban which becomes like Ginsberg's East
Harlem or Kaufman's New York, illuminate and
shamanic. Ginsberg wrote of Weiners "(his) glory
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