Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings April 2014, Volume 27, Number 2 | Page 20

Table 3. Conditional proportion of US population with oversized waist circumference in each ethnic group, stratified by weight category and gender distribution, based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey % Oversized waist circumference Ethnicity Mexican American Weight category 1999–2000 Male Female 2001–2002 Male Female 2003–2004 Male Female 2005–2006 Male Female 2007–2008 Male Female 2009–2010 Male Female Normal 7.0 46.8 9.4 50.6 9.5 53.1 8.8 59.4 7.3 57.0 9.0 55.7 Obese 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 Overweight 67.2 94.0 65.5 96.6 74.2 99.4 68.4 98.0 67.8 100.0 75.2 99.0 Underweight 0.0 8.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 56.0 78.9 51.5 80.6 58.6 85.3 59.4 87.8 62.2 86.3 67.2 88.1 Subtotal∗ Other Hispanic Normal 16.7 34.9 8.3 50.0 5.0 53.1 9.5 44.4 8.8 47.7 6.5 54.1 Obese 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 91.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 98.8 100.0 99.0 100.0 Overweight 66.7 92.7 69.0 97.0 58.8 96.2 68.0 95.7 74.4 99.2 64.9 100.0 Underweight 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 53.2 76.3 53.2 83.6 48.3 76.7 83.6 59.2 82.2 Subtotal∗ Non-Hispanic Normal White Obese Overweight Underweight Subtotal∗ Non-Hispanic Normal Black Obese Overweight Underweight — 78.5 19.9 49.1 16.6 47.4 20.2 56.9 17.7 49.9 20.2 57.3 17.6 58.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.8 100.0 81.8 96.8 85.1 97.1 85.0 98.3 83.4 98.2 83.2 99.5 81.2 99.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.3 4.3 3.4 61.8 76.4 66.0 73.8 68.2 79.2 0.0 6.0 41.6 3.6 35.0 7.7 41.1 4.9 32.4 100.0 100.0 98.4 100.0 98.0 100.0 100.0 64.7 91.8 59.0 90.8 52.6 97.8 53.1 — 2.9 0.0 2.3 80.2 68.5 81.5 8.9 56.8 5.3 44.3 100.0 99.0 100.0 96.5 100.0 96.4 59.6 98.8 63.4 99.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 85.2 46.0 81.6 52.4 86.9 Normal 8.3 52.9 2.9 43.6 8.3 44.0 0.0 48.3 Obese Other 0.0 6.7 76.5 45.3 Subtotal∗ — — 0.0 83.3 0.0 — 0.0 5.3 0.0 0.0 87.8 53.8 87.9 6.7 44.0 17.3 52.6 — 100.0 100.0 90.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Overweight 50.0 92.3 57.1 96.7 61.8 100.0 75.0 90.5 63.2 100.0 58.7 95.8 Underweight 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 44.1 69.8 37.9 69.0 48.4 61.1 67.5 47.0 68.2 Subtotal∗ ∗Percentages 64.6 — are weighted estimates of the population in each ethnic category; therefore, columns do not add up to 100%. individuals had abnormal waist circumference (P = 0.000). In the “other ethnicity category,” which included Asians and multiracial individuals, a low abdominal obesity was present as well, but not at a significant level (P = 0.38), which reflected a lower prevalence of MS in this group. DISCUSSION The IDF definition of MS places emphasis on the waist circumference and is highly associated with cardiovascular risk. Although women have a greater chance of having high abdominal obesity and have a higher prevalence of MS, they are at lower statistical risk for heart disease than men. The prevalence of MS was four times higher in women in earlier years, although the last two surveys show an equal prevalence of MS for men and women. These last two survey years were heavily weighted with underweight women in all ethnicities in the US popula94 — tion. Women had better health status than men in most of the MS indicators, including blood pressure, fasting glucose, and triglycerides in 2008 to 2010. A similar finding was confirmed in Erin et al’s study using NCEP criteria (7, 8). MS disparity in genders was consistently significant among African Americans. Black men had a significantly lower prevalence of MS than any other group, including Black women for 12 years and Whites and Mexican Americans from 1999 to 2008. Mexican American women and Black women were more likely than White women to have higher waist circumference and MS. The “other ethnicity” group, including multiracial individuals and Asians, had the lowest prevalence of abdominal obesity but not the lowest prevalence of MS. Based on these findings, adiposity can be expressed with varying distributions among different ethnicities yet affect the prevalence of MS and cardiovascular disease differently. Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings Volume 27, Number 2