health
Most parents know the look: your child clutches their head, winces, and says those dreaded words:“ My head hurts”. Headaches in children can be worrying, but understanding the causes, recognising warning signs and knowing how to help can make all the difference.
What kind of headache is it?
The two most common types of headaches in children are tension-type headaches and migraines.“ Tension headaches typically result in a persistent pain across the forehead or around the back of the head and neck,” explains Dr Nandipa Mafongosi, paediatrician and medical advisor at Bestmed Medical Scheme.“ They are often linked with stress, exhaustion or muscle tension.”
Migraines, however, are a bit more dramatic.“ Migraines usually result in throbbing pain on one side of the head.
Other symptoms may include nausea, vomiting and sensitivity to light or sound,” she says. Some children may even see flashing lights or unusual shapes before the pain hits, a phenomenon called an“ aura”.
What’ s causing the pain?
There are other, less common types too, such as cluster headaches and secondary headaches, which may be caused by underlying issues like sinus infections.
When it comes to triggers, it’ s rarely just one thing.“ Triggers can be a combination of all three of the following,” says Dr Mafongosi:
Physical: dehydration, missed meals, poor sleep, eye strain, or sinus problems
Emotional: stress and anxiety, often linked to school or friendships
Environmental: too much screen time, loud noises, bright lights, or poor air quality
And yes, diet plays a role too.“ In some instances, specific foods or additives( such as processed meats or high sugar) can also contribute towards headaches.”
Modern life isn’ t always kind to growing brains either.“ Tension-type headaches can result from stress, especially due to demanding schoolwork or social pressures,” says Dr Mafongosi.“ Excessive screen time can lead to eye strain, interfere with sleep cycles, and increase muscle tension in the neck and shoulders.”
Her advice? Set boundaries. Build in regular screen breaks, and try to keep devices out of bedrooms, especially before bed.
Headaches can also run in families.“ Genetics can play a role, especially in migraines,” Dr Mafongosi confirms.“ If a parent or close relative suffers from migraines, the child is more prone to them as well.”
That said, lifestyle and environment still matter. Even genetically susceptible children can reduce the frequency and intensity of headaches with good habits. www. babysandbeyond. co. za
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