August 2014 August | Page 86

by Frank Beeton M oving atters Frank Beeton scans the transport world for news pertinent to the Logistics Sector. Will Gas (Eventually) Solve South Africa’s Clean Fuel Problems? Last month we wrote about the moving out of the July 1st 2017 compliance date for the general introduction of new cleaner fuels in South Africa, and noted speculation that the legislation may only take effect in 2020. and China. Many major vehicle manufacturers offer versions of their products which are adapted to run on CNG or LNG, while other specialist companies, notably Westport of British Columbia, are active in the business of converting conventional engines for operation on gas fuels. moving matters W e also pointed out that this delay would have a negative impact on the introduction of some new technology vehicles into the local market, a fact which has subsequently been confirmed by recently published comments from Kobus van Zyl, managing director of Daimler Trucks and Buses South Africa. Although some short-term relief has been provided by Sasol’s recent launch of its ULS 10 ppm diesel fuel through outlets in Gauteng and Mpumalanga, the lack of greater availability of this fuel will inevitably limit the vehicle purchasing options of transporters with a wider operational footprint, especially those working in the more remote areas of the country and across South Africa’s borders. However, comments made at the Gas Week conference held in Bryanston during June, indicate an alternative long-term direction for solving the problem. Speakers suggested that South Africa should be focusing more attention on gas developments to secure its future fuel requirements. Extensive natural gas resources are known to be present in the region, and these include recentlydiscovered coal-bed methane deposits in Botswana, the shale gas deposits in the Karoo that are central to the recent “fracking” debate, and natural gas deposits off the Mozambique coastline. There is a perception that further discoveries are likely to be made in the future that will greatly increase the region’s importance as a gas producer. However, exploration and extraction is expected to be expensive, and substantial investments will be necessary to roll out the process. Natural Gas, in either Liquefied or Compressed form, is widely used as a vehicle fuel, with the main markets reportedly being in Iran, Pakistan, Argentina, Brazil | logistics in action Natural Gas-fuelled vehicles are popular for city and suburban use in both passenger and goods-carrying applications, because of their lower emissions, while staying close to refueling facilities, and a project to convert 1 000 minibus taxis to CNG operation was recently inaugurated in Johannesburg. Fuel distribution and availability are the greatest challenges to the wider use of natural gas as a vehicle fuel, but these issues will tend to scale down in importance as the demand for alternative fuels increases. Should the delay in the phasing-in of Euro 5-type fuels in South Africa extend to 2020, additional momentum could be added to the arguments of gas protagonists. Shorter-term importation of Natural Gas for fuel use could be used to develop a larger market and more comprehensive distribution system in the country, ahead of the establishment of large-scale local or regional exploitation. Wider use of CNG by the taxi industry could also be a supportive development, as would be some adoption of the fuel by city and suburban bus fleets. The government has the potential to influence matt ers considerably through the subsidisation or incentivisation of such developments, and in the way it approaches the regulation of exploration and exploitation activities. As explained last month, clean fuel availability is becoming a key issue in ensuring the safe, environmentally acceptable and sustainable operation of transport, and the country needs a clear and affordable strategy, going forward, to achieve these goals. 84 AUGUST 2014