The nexus of adipose tissue ( Meda Dhatu ) dysfunction and impaired nutritional metabolic health in obesity :
A literature review
Dr Amulya Murthy Aku , Dr Ashok Patil and Dr Mukund Sabnis
Abstract
Obesity and its accompanying consequences are increasingly being linked to oxidative stress , as evidenced by a growing body of research . Several biochemical pathways , including superoxide production from NADPH oxidases and glycer-aldehyde auto-oxidation , can cause systemic oxidative stress in obese individuals . Hyperleptinemia , inadequate antioxidant defence , chronic inflammation , and post-prandial reactive oxygen species production are all contributors to oxidative stress . In Ayurvedic medicine , this oxidative stress is related to Ama . Ama is generated by improper or insufficient digestion of food particles as a result of a lack of Jatharagni and Mala accumulation in the body . Modern physiology has linked Ama to potentially harmful free radicals . It is important to neutralise free radicals because they have one or more unpaired electrons . Oxygen free radicals , or reactive oxygen species , make up the majority of dangerous free radicals . Pertaining to its metabolism , Ama is in the same category as Avipakam ( incompletely metabolised ). Many diseases are brought on by this Ama . Many diseases have been linked to free radicals .
Introduction
Obesity is a chronic disease that affects people ' s physical , financial , and mental well-being , regardless of their cultural , economic , or ethnic background . Excess body fat lowers quality of life while also increasing healthcare costs and death risk . Diabetes , cardiovascular disease , cancer , asthma , sleep disorders , hepatic and renal disorders , and infertility are all associated with obesity . 1-4 Overweight is defined as a BMI of 25.0 to 29.9 kg / m2 , while obesity is defined as a BMI of 30 kg / m2 . However , BMI 5 does not distinguish between lean and fat mass , nor does it specify fat distribution as a distinguishing factor . Obesityrelated risk factors are found to be less dependent on total body weight and more dependent on fat distribution , according to new research . 6-7 As a result , because it promotes pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory states , abdominal fat is now recognised as a significant risk factor for obesity-related illnesses . 8-10
Obesity is covered under the topic Sthaulya in Ayurveda , the science of life . Because of its complicated pathologies and multifactor aetiologies , Sthaulya is expected to be extremely difficult to treat . The creation of Ama is the fundamental cause of these complexities . Because of the long-term ingestion of Nidaana ( whose aetiologies include improper combinations of food , overeating , compulsive easting , irregular eating habits , not following dietary guidelines , poor physical activity ,
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