RECENT RESEARCH
In 29 studies , rTMS stimulation sites were located in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ( DLPFC ).
Conclusion : The rTMS could improve the ADLs in AD patients , and the DLPFC was a frequently used stimulation site of the rTMS for AD treatment .
Nemati D , Munk N , Kaushal N . Identifying behavioral determinants and stage of readiness for performing knee massage among individuals with knee osteoarthritis : An observational study . Journal of Integrative Medicine . 2024 ; 22 ( 1 ): 54 – 63 . Doi : 10.1016 / j . joim . 2024.01.006
Objective : Patients who experience knee osteoarthritis or chronic knee pain can alleviate their symptoms by performing self-knee massage . Understanding the readiness and types of determinants needed to facilitate self-knee massage is needed to design effective , theoryinformed interventions . The primary objective of this study was to apply the transtheoretical model of behavior change to identify how factors , which include the type of knee condition and pain level , predict an individual ' s readiness to adopt self-knee massage . The secondary objective employed the capability , opportunity and motivationbehavior ( COM-B ) model to identify relevant determinants that are predictive of an individual ' s readiness to undertake self-knee massage .
Methods : An observational study design was used to recruit individuals with knee osteoarthritis ( n = 270 ) and chronic knee pain ( n = 130 ). Participants completed an online survey that assessed the transtheoretical model of behavior change stages , COM-B determinants ( capability , opportunity and motivation ), along with self-administered massage behavior . Multivariate analysis of covariance and structural equation modeling were used to test the primary and secondary objective , respectively .
Results : Participants who had knee osteoarthritis scored higher on the action stage compared to those with chronic pain ( P = 0.003 ), and those who experienced greater level of pain scored higher in the contemplation ( P < 0.001 ) and action phases ( P < 0.001 ) of performing knee massage compared to those with milder pain . The COM-B structural equation model revealed self-administered knee massage to be predicted by capability ( β = 0.31 , P = 0.004 ) and motivation ( β = 0.29 , P < 0.001 ), but not opportunity ( β = -0.10 , P = 0.39 ). Pain level predicted motivation ( β = 0.27 , P < 0.001 ), but not capability ( β = 0.09 , P = 0.07 ) or opportunity ( β = 0.01 , P = 0.83 ). Tests for mediating effects found that determinants of COM-B ( motivation and capability ) mediate between pain level and selfadministered massage behavior ( β = 0.10 , P = 0.002 ).
Conclusion : Clinicians and researchers can expect that patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis or who have chronic knee pain are ready ( action stage ) or are considering the behavior ( contemplation stage ) of self-knee massage . Individuals who report having knee osteoarthritis or chronic knee pain should be coached to develop the skills to perform selfknee massage and helped to develop the motivation to carry out the therapy .
Nutrition
Oboza P , Ogarek N , Wójtowicz M , Rhaiem TB , Olszanecka-Glinianowicz M , Kocełak P . Relationships between Premenstrual Syndrome ( PMS ) and diet composition , dietary patterns and eating behaviors . Nutrients . 2024 : 16 ( 12 ). Doi : 10.3390 / nu16121911
Premenstrual Syndrome ( PMS ) is a disorder between gynecology and psychiatry which includes cognitive , affective , and somatic symptoms from mild to severe . The most severe form of PMS is premenstrual dysphoric disorder ( PMDD ) and it is considered a form of depressive disorder . An association between diet composition and the occurrence of PMS and its severity have been suggested . As such , this manuscript discusses the relationships between diet composition , dietary patterns and eating behaviors , and PMS . PubMed ,
Embase , Cochrane , and Web of Science databases were searched for related studies up to 18 January 2024 . A text search with the following keywords singly or in combination was conducted : " Premenstrual syndrome ", " Nutrition ", " Diet composition ", " Dietary patterns ", and " Eating behaviors ". Studies published so far showed that low intake of simple carbohydrates , fats , salt , and alcohol , and high of fresh , unprocessed foods rich in B vitamins , vitamin D , zinc , calcium , and omega-3 fatty acids may help prevent the onset of PMS and reduce the severity of its symptoms . However , further studies are needed to formulate definitive recommendations for the use of vitamins , micronutrients and other dietary ingredients supplementation in women with PMS to improve functioning , overall wellbeing , and physical health . Large , randomized , double-blind clinical trials across diverse populations are necessary to formulate clear recommendations for supplementation in women with PMS .
Turnwald B , Fishbach A . Intuitive advertisers : Emotionality in communication about unhealthy food . Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology , American Psychological Association . 2024 ; 43 ( 3 ): 184 – 193 . Doi : 10.1037 / hea0001327 .
Objective : This research tests whether people use more emotion-based language when communicating with one another about unhealthy foods than healthy foods . This matters because emotionbased language is more persuasive .
Method : In three observational studies , we analyzed the emotionality in 1,000 online recipe descriptions , 4,403 food reviews , and 1,184 celebrity social media posts . In two experiments ( N = 398 ), we analyzed the emotionality when people are prompted to persuade someone to consume an unhealthy food compared with a healthy food . In one experiment ( N = 192 ), we tested persuasiveness as a function of emotionality .
Results : Speakers use more emotionality when communicating about less healthy foods . People ' s tendency to
180 | vol30 | no3 | JATMS